Carl M Penney

Title: Innovations of Carl M Penney: Pioneering the Coaxial Spatially Resolved Refractometer

Introduction: Carl M Penney, a notable inventor based in Saratoga Springs, NY, holds an impressive portfolio of 28 patents. His contributions to the field of optical measurement technology, particularly through his latest inventions, have significantly advanced our understanding and applications of refractive measurements.

Latest Patents: Among his latest innovations is the Coaxial Spatially Resolved Refractometer. This device provides a reference path that is coaxial with a measurement path. This design simplifies construction by reducing the number of parts required and makes maintenance easier by halving the number of optical axes that need to be aligned. The refractometer features a reference projector that projects a reference pattern onto a detector during a reference interval, a site-selector for choosing a measurement site on an optical system, and a measurement projector that directs a measurement pattern through this selected site onto a detector during a measurement interval. Both the reference projector, site selector, and measurement projector are aligned along the same optical axis. When used in the context of the human eye, for instance, the measurement site typically targets the cornea while the detector corresponds to the retina. This refractometer also includes an aligner that enhances the alignment of the reference and measurement pattern positions, allowing for precise determination of the optimal wavefront corresponding to the measurement site.

Career Highlights: Carl M Penney has made significant strides in his professional career, notably working with prestigious organizations such as General Electric Company and the Schepens Eye Research Institute, Inc. His work within these institutions has allowed him to innovate and refine his inventions, pushing the boundaries of optical technology.

Collaborations: Throughout his journey as an inventor, Carl M Penney has collaborated with esteemed colleagues, including Robert H Webb and Michael H McLaughlin. These partnerships have fostered a rich exchange of ideas that have contributed to the development of his patented technologies.

Conclusion: Carl M Penney's contributions to the field of optical measurement through his patented inventions, particularly the Coaxial Spatially Resolved Refractometer, illustrate his pivotal role as an innovator. His career, marked by collaboration and work with leading companies, highlights the importance of teamwork in advancing technology and its applications in various fields, including human ocular health.