Photonic crystal laser

Abstract

A photonic crystal laseris a laser that has a configuration, in which a light emitting layer (an active layer) that generates light including light of wavelength λ, and a two-dimensional photonic crystal layerincluding different refractive index regions (holes) disposed two-dimensionally on a plate-like base materialthe different refractive index regions having a refractive index different from a refractive index of the base material, so that a refractive index distribution is formed, are stacked. Each different refractive index region in the two-dimensional photonic crystal layeris disposed at a position shifted from each lattice point of a basic two-dimensional lattice that has periodicity defined to generate a resonant state of light of the wavelength λby forming a two-dimensional standing wave and not to emit light of the wavelength λto outside. A positional shift vector Δr↑ representing the shift of the position of the different refractive index region at the each lattice point from the lattice point is expressed byΔ·sin(±)·(cos((φ+φ)), sin((φ+φ))) by using a wave number vector k↑=(k, k) of light of the wavelength λin the two-dimensional photonic crystal layeran effective refractive index nof the two-dimensional photonic crystal layer, an azimuth angle φ from a predetermined reference line extending in a predetermined direction from a predetermined origin of the basic two-dimensional lattice, an arbitrary constant φ, and a reciprocal lattice vector G'↑=±(k±|k↑|(sin θ cos φ)/n, k±|k↑|(sin θ sin φ)/n) expressed by using a spread angle θ of a laser beam, the position vector r↑ of the each lattice point, arbitrary constants d and ψ, and an integer L excluding 0.