International Minerals & Chemical Corp.

Istituto Chemioterapico Italiano

Robert D Williams

Vernon V Young

David R Bright

Richard E Ivy

Jerome L Martin

Aldo Garzia

Glen W Wolfrom

Ross G Brown

Herbert T Peeler

A process for promoting growth and feed efficiency in food producing mammals is provided by administering to such mammals, growth promoting amounts of a zinc complex of a polyether antibiotic selected from the group consisting of monensin, nigericin, salinomycin, narasin, noborotomycin A and B, SY-1, grisorixin, X-206, lonomycin, laidlomycin, mutalomycin, alborixin, lasalocid and lysocellin. Zinc complexes of this type are prepared by adding soluble zinc salt to a fermentation beer containing a polyether antibiotic to thereby form an insoluble, recoverable biomass containing the desired growth-promoting zinc complex for use in the process herein.

Process for promoting growth and feed efficiency of food producing

A process for promoting growth and feed efficiency in food producing animals is provided by administering to such animals, growth promoting amounts of certain forms of lysocellin, including the free acid and physiologically-acceptable salts thereof. Metal complexes of lysocellin can be prepared by adding the appropriate soluble metal salts to a fermentation beer containing lysocellin to thereby form an insoluble, recoverable biomass containing the desired growth-promoting metal salt complex of lysocellin for use in the process herein.

Lysocellin-containing feed efficiency-enhancing animal feed

A growth promoting and feed efficiency-enhancing amount of a lysocellin material selected from the group consisting of lysocellin, lysocellin free acid, and the physiologically acceptable salts thereof is administered to a food-producing animal selected from the group consisting of ruminants, swine and poultry in a process for promoting growth and enhancing feed efficiency of such a food-producing animal. A feed supplement for a food-producing animal, the feed supplement being capable of increasing the rate of growth of the animal when supplied in the animal's feed on a regular basis during the animal's normal growth period, and which is also capable of enhancing feed efficiency of the animal, includes a mixture of a basal feed material for a food-producing animal selected from the group consisting of ruminants, swine and poultry, and a growth rate-increasing and feed efficiency-enhancing amount of a lyoscellin material selected from the group consisting of lysocellin, lysocellin free acid, and the physiologically acceptable salts thereof.

Lysocellin-containing composition and process for promoting growth and

Manganese complexes of various monovalent and divalent polyether antibiotics are provided which act as coccidiostats and growth promoting agents when administered to food-producing animals such as cattle, sheep, swine and poultry. Soluble manganese salt is added to a fermentation beer containing the polyether antibiotics to form an insoluble, recoverable biomass containing the desired manganese antibiotic complex. This biomass, in a dried form, can be given orally to animals such as cattle, sheep, swine and poultry. The subject manganese complexes include: linear monovalent and divalent polyethers (monensin, nigericin, lasalocid, lysocellin, etc.); non-glycolic monovalent monoglycoside polyethers (septamycin, dianemycin, lenoremycin, carriomycin and antibiotic A-204); mononitrogen-containing divalent pyrrole ethers (calcimycin, X-14547, etc.); polynitrogen-containing divalent pyrrole ethers (A-23187, etc.); glycolic monovalent monoglycoside polyethers (etheromycin, etc.); other polyether antibiotics including ionomycin, aabomycin, disnerycin, duamycin, BL-580, K-41, SF-1195, M-4164A, A-32887, 30,504RP, 38,986, 44,161, 47,433, 47,434 and 47,224. The above manganese complexes are also active agents for improving cardiovascular function in animals. Purified manganese-containing antibiotic complexes can be extracted from the biomass using suitable organic solvents, followed by crystallization or precipitation of the purified complexes. The purified products can be administered as boluses, subcutaneous implants, or as injectable preparations.

Manganese-containing antibiotic agents

An adsorbable fibrin excipient for active biochemical agents which enables controlled release of the biochemical agents when a fibrin pellet or other article containing the biochemical agent is implanted in an animal. Also contemplated are formable combinations of fibrin and other materials, such as lactose, to vary the absorption rate from the rate obtained using fibrin alone.

Fibrin binder/carrier for active biochemical agents

A method of administering micronutrients to animals over extended periods by subcutaneous implant. Important micronutrients, including iron, copper, selenium, zinc, manganese, cobalt, molybdenum, chromium, silicon, iodine, biotin, vitamins E and B.sub.12 are supplied conveniently, and in positive, predetermined amounts by means of subcutaneously implanted pellets containing the micronutrient and a suitable excipient to provide controlled release of the micronutrient over an extended period of time. One example comprises iron dextran in combination with a lactose, fibrin, or other suitable excipient, in the form of a pellet which is subcutaneously implanted behind the ear of piglets to supply sufficient iron for optimum growth and to avoid iron-deficiency anemia. Important trace elements which may also be administered in carefully controlled amounts in suitable salt forms by the method of this invention include nickel, tin, vanadium, fluorine and arsenic.

Method of supplying micronutrients to animals

Nitrohydroxyalkylquinoxaline-1,4-dioxides represented by the formula ##STR1## where R is hydrogen, lower alkyl of 1-3 carbon atoms, hydroxymethyl or acetoxymethyl and R' is hydrogen or lower alkyl of 1-2 carbon atoms or R and R' taken together can be alkylene of 5 carbon atoms and alkanoic acid esters thereof. The compounds are useful for promoting growth rate of animals and improving their feed efficiency.

Nitrohydroxyalkyl-substituted quinoxaxiline dioxides and alkanoic acid

A method for prophylactically and therapeutically treating mammals for the bacterial aspects of shipping fever caused by Pasteurella species prior to exposure, during incubation or during the symptomatic phase comprising parenterally administering to the mammal cycloserine in a dose sufficient to alleviate symptoms of shipping fever.

Control of shipping fever

A composition represented by the formula ##STR1## where R and R.sup.1 can be hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or hydroxymethyl and can be the same or different. The compounds are useful for promoting the growth of animals.

Oxazolidinyl-quinoxalines and use as growth promoters

Compounds represented by the formula: ##STR1## where R and R' collectively are (a) .dbd.NOCH.sub.2 COOCH.sub.3, ##STR2## or R is hydroxyl or alkoxy and R' is ##STR3## (h) --NHOH, or (i) --NHNHCO.sub.2 CH.sub.3. The compounds promote the growth rate of animals and improve the feed efficiency.

Substituted quinoxaline dioxides

A method of promoting the growth and improving the feed efficiency of animals using substituted quinoxalines represented by the formula: ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or lower alkyl of 1 to about 4 carbon atoms.

Method of promoting growth and improving feed efficiency of animals

Compositions and method for combatting swine dysentery using substituted quinoxalines represented by the formula: ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or lower alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, e.g., methyl and pentyl, are provided.

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Terre Haute, IN, United States of America

Robert D Williams