Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited

Naoyoshi Jinno

Shigenao Kawakami

Shigeru Ura

Seimei Yasui

Akihiro Furuta

Makoto Hanabata

Takeo Satomi

Shin-ichi Isaoka

Tatsumi Shibata

Mikio Iwata

Terumasa Saka

Yoshiharu Tokugawa

Wataru Tohoma

Shin-Ichi Isaoka

Osamu Hiroaki

A positive type photoresist composition comprising a novolak resin and O-quinone diazide compound, the novolak resin being one which is obtained by the addition condensation reaction of a phenol and formaldehyde which is performed in one stage by using as a catalyst an organic acid salt of a divalent metal which is more electropositive than hydrogen, or in two stages by using an acid catalyst in the subsequent stage, the phenol being at least one compound represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl group of carbon number 1 to 4, the compound being such that the average carbon number in the substituent per one phenol nucelus is 0.5 to 1.5 and the ones with the substituent at the ortho- or para-position with respect to the hydroxyl group account for less than 50 mol %, is disclosed. The positive type photoresist composition of the invention has an improved resolving power, i.e., .gamma.-value.

Positive type high gamma-value photoresist composition with novolak

A paper coating composition is described, containing a pigment and an aqueous binder as major components, and further containing a mixture of a reaction product between (a) at least one alkylenediamine or polyalkylenepolyamine and (b) epihalohydrin, and (Y) a water-soluble resin obtained by reacting urea, polyalkylenepolyamine, and dibasic carboxylic acid and reacting the resulting polyamidopolyurea with formaldehyde, or containing these reaction products.

Coating composition for providing water and blister resistant,

An amphoteric polyelectrolyte which is useful as a paper additive capable of imparting dry strength to paper, a high molecular flocculant, a high molecular dehydrating agent or the like is prepared by copolymerizing a cationic vinyl monomer such as .beta.-methacryloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride, an anionic vinyl monomer such as acrylic acid and a vinyl monomer such as acrylamide, optionally with a nonionic vinyl monomer such as acrylonitrile, in a solvent in the presence of a catalyst.

Amphoteric polyelectrolyte

The growth of plants is promoted using a water-soluble cationic polymer obtained by polymerization of a quarternary ammonium compound of the following formula (I) alone or together with other vinyl monomers, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each a lower alkyl, R.sub.4 is a lower alkyl, allyl, a hydroxy(lower)-alkyl, benzyl or --CH.sub.2 COO(CH.sub.2).sub.m CH.sub.3 group (in which m is 0 or 1), X is a halogen or methylsulfate and Y is --O(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, --NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- (in which n is 1 to 4) or ##STR2##

Method for promoting growth of plants with cationic polymers

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Osaka, Japan

Naoyoshi Jinno