Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

Research Development Corporation of Japan

Other

Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.

Matsushita Electric Industrial

Reserach Development Corp.

Matsushita Electronic Components Co., Ltd.

Matsushita Elec. Industries Co. Ltd.

Mutsuaki Murakami

Susumu Yoshimura

Kazuhiro Watanabe

Sohji Tsuchiya

Atsushi Omote

Naomi Nishiki

Katsuyuki Nakamura

Toshiharu Saito

Motoi Kitano

Yoshimasa Ito

Hiroshi Naito

Yasutaka Hiromori

Takao Inoue

Kenji Akami

Masao Fukuyama

Mutsumi Suzuki

Taro Nambu

Toshiharu Hoshi

Hisashi Okada

Hiromitsu Tomiyama

Masahiko Oshino

Naoko Nakanishi

Ikuko Ihara

Masahito Yasuda

Eiichiro Matsubara

Midori Shinoda

A method of manufacturing a laminated electrolytic capacitor by forming a dielectric made of organic polymer or a composite dielectric made of organic polymer and an oxide of a conductive metal is disclosed. An insulating layer is formed on the conductor, and an electrode is formed on the dielectric layer to complete the capacitive element. Plural capacitor elements are laminated and bonded to outside connection terminals.

Method of manufacturing laminated capacitors

A capacitor of the present invention employs one of i) polyimide directly formed by electrodeposition, ii) organic high polymer having a specific structure formed by electrodeposition, and iii) a composite film of the organic high polymer and oxide film of a conductor as dielectrics formed on the surface-roughened conductor. The organic high polymer used in the present invention contains carboxylic radical in its molecular structure. The capacitor of the present invention further comprises an opposite electrode at least containing conductive high polymer on the dielectrics. This conductive high polymer is formed by chemical oxydation-polymerization or both chemical oxydation-polymerization and electro-polymerization. The capacitor element as configured above is strong to mechanical stress, and possible to apply pressure during lamination. By laminating many of capacitor elements as configured above, a capacitor with large capacitance but small equivalent serial resistance, small leak current, and good frequency characteristics is obtained.

Capacitor and its manufacturing method

A curved pyrolytic graphite crystal x-ray monochromator has at least one diffraction surface of graphite crystal for diffracting and monochromizing x-rays generated from an x-ray source so as to bend and/or converge the diffracted and monochromized x-rays, wherein the diffraction surface has a predetermined curved surface. In a method for manufacturing a curved pyrolytic graphite crystal x-ray monochromator, one or more pieces of polymer films are heated at a temperature predetermined in a range from 400.degree. C. to 3500.degree. C. so as to form carbonaceous films, and then, one or more pieces of formed carbonaceous films are superimposed, heated and pressed onto a predetermined curved surface of an isotropic graphite die at a temperature predetermined in a range from 400.degree. C. to 3500.degree. C., while applying a predetermined pressure onto the carbonaceous films provided on the isotropic graphite die, thereby forming the curved pyrolytic graphite x-ray monochromator of graphite crystal having a resulting curved surface corresponding to the predetermined curved surface.

Curved pyrolytic graphite monochromator and its manufacturing method

The present invention provides novel amine compounds useful as electron-transporting materials to be incorporated in organic electro-luminescence devices. More particularly, the present invention provides an organic electro-luminescence device (organic EL device) which can find wide application in various display units, requires a low applied voltage and exhibits a high luminance and an excellent stability.

Amine compound and electro-luminescence device comprising same

A process for producing a graphite block from a plurality of graphitizable polymer films or a plurality of carbonaceous films separately obtained from graphitizable polymer films is described. The method comprises superposing the plurality of the graphitizable polymer films or the plurality of the carbonaceous films, and thermally treating the plurality of the graphitizable polymer films or the plurality of the carbonaceous films in a substantially compression pressure-free condition when the treating temperature is in the thermal carbonization temperature range and the graphitization temperature range and under compression pressures in temperature ranges between the thermal carbonization temperature and the graphitization temperature ranges and over the graphitization temperature range. The compression pressure over the graphitization temperature range should be higher than that in the range between the thermal carbonization and graphitization temperature ranges. By this, a wrinkle-free graphite block with a good rocking characteristic is obtained.

Processes for producing graphite blocks from graphitizable organic

A photosensitive material for electrophotography, comprises a support and, provided thereon, an organic photoconductive layer of single-layer structure comprising a binder polymer, an electron acceptor substance particulately dispersed in the binder polymer, and a metal-free phthalocyanine molecularly dispersed in the binder polymer.

Photosensitive material for electrophotography comprising metal free

A method for making photosensitive materials of the positive charge type which are useful in electrophotography is described. In the method, X-type and/or .tau.-type phthalocyanine is at least partially dissolved in a solvent along with a resin binder or in a solution of the resin binder by which good photosensitive characteristics are obtained. The photosensitive material obtained by the method may be of a single-layer or a double-layer type. A photosensitive material having an improved ozone resistance is also disclosed. The material makes use of a resin binder having vinylphenol units therein.

Organic photoconductive material for electrophotography and method for

A photosensitive material for electrophotography which comprises a conductive support, and a charge transport layer and a charge generation layer formed on the conductive support, is described. The charge generation layer is formed from a dispersion which is obtained by mixing X-type and/or .tau.-type metal-free phthalocyanine, with or without at least one other charge generation agent, and a resin binder in a solvent, which is capable of dissolving at least a part of X-type and/or .tau.-type metal-free phthalocyanine, to such an extent that a ratio between X-ray diffraction peak intensities at about 7.5.degree. and at about 9.1.degree. is in the range of 1:1 to 0.1:1. When the at least one other charge generation agent is used in combination, the charge generation layer is formed on the conductive support on which the charge transport layer is formed. If such other agent is not used, the charge generation layer is formed on the charge transport layer with a certain thickness. The photosensitive materials have good photosensitivity, image characteristics and printing resistance.

Photosensitive materials for electrophotography having a double-layer

Photosensitive materials which comprise, on a conductive support, a layer structure having at least one layer. The at least one film is made of a cured film of a dispersion of a photoconductor in a binder polymer which has recurring units of the following general formula ##STR1## wherein each m is individually from 0 to 4, but at least one m is not 0, X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are bromine atoms and n is an integer. The photoconductor may be X-type metal-free phthalocyanine or .tau.-type metal-free phthalocyanine dispersed partially in a molecular state and partially in a particulate state. Alternatively, combinations of carrier generation and carrier transport agents may be used. The layer structure is either a single-layer structure or a double-layer structure.

Photosensitive material for electrophotography comprising organic

A photosensitive material for electrophotography, comprises a support and, provided thereon, an organic photoconductive layer of single-layer structure comprising a mixture of a metal-free phthalocyanine and a binder organic compound; said binder organic compound being comprised of an isocyanate in which the isocyanate terminal has been blocked with a blocking agent. The present photosensitive material can achieve good sensitivity and charge characteristics and is suited for the positive charge system.

Electrophotographic element with blocked isocyanate binder

A method of manufacturing a dome- or cone-like acoustic diaphragm by a process including the step of heating a polymeric film comprising an aromatic polyimide, a polyoxadiazole or an aromatic polyamide, to a temperature range of 2,000.degree. C. or above, and the step of pressure molding. The heating and the pressure molding may be carried out at the same time when the polymeric film is heated for its graphitization. Alternatively, the pressure molding may be carried out while the polymeric film having been graphitized by the heating is further heated. Still alternatively, a polymeric film having been pressure-molded in the course of heat polycondensation of a polyamic acid may be graphitized by heating.

Method of manufacturing acoustic diaphragm

A process for making an artificial graphite film from a graphitizable polymer is described. In the process, a starting polymer film having a defined thickness is thermally treated at a temperature of not lower than 2400.degree. C. in an inert gas to graphitize the film, and rolled to obtain a graphite film. The graphite film has good flexibility and elasticity with relatively smooth surfaces.

Process for making a graphite film

Photosensitive materials of the positive charging type which are useful in electrophotography are described. The material comprises a conductive support of any desired form and a photoconductive layer formed on the support. The photoconductive layer is made of X-type and/or .tau.-type phthalocyanine compound dispersed in a binder resin. The compound is dispersed partly in a molecular state and partly in a particulate state in the resin. To make such a dispersion, the compound is agitated in a solvent along with the binder resin until charge transportability and charge generating ability are developed in the resultant photoconductive layer. Fundamentally, single-layer photosensitive materials with good photosensitive characteristics and a high heat resistance can be obtained.

Phthalocyanine photosensitive materials for electrophotography and

An electroacoustic diaphragm is provided, which diaphragm comprising a pyrolytic graphite film obtained from a polymer selected from polyoxadiazole, an aromatic polyimide obtained by polycondensation or pyromellitic acid and an aromatic diamine, polybenzthiazole, polybenzbisthiazole, polybenzoxazole, polybenzbisoxazole, poly(pyromellitimide), poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide). poly(m-phenylenebenzoimidazole), poly(m-phenylenebenzobisimidazole), polythiazole and poly-p-phenylenevinylene. The graphite film has a discontinuous layer of a polymeric material formed on and in the film whereby not only good electroacoustic characteristics, but also good mechanical strength and good adhesion of an adhesive applied thereof are obtained. A method for fabricating such diaphragm is also described.

Electroacoustic diaphragm and method for making same

An electroacoustic diaphragm is provided, which diaphragm comprising a pyrolytic graphite film obtained from a polymer selected from polyoxadiazole, an aromatic polyimide obtained by polycondensation of pyromellitic acid and an aromatic diamine, polybenzthiazole, polybenzbisthiazole, polybenzoxazole, polybenzbisoxazole, poly(pyromellitimide), poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide), poly(m-phenylenebenzoimidazole), poly(m-phenylenebenzobisimidazole), polythiazole and poly(m-phenylenevinylene. The graphite film has a discontinuous layer of a polymeric material formed on and in the film whereby not only good electroacoustic characteristics, but also good mechanical strength and good adhesion of an adhesive applied thereof are obtained. A method for fabricating such diaphragm is also described.

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Tokyo, Japan

Mutsuaki Murakami