The University of Waterloo

Robin Hood Multifoods Inc.

Argos Therapeutics, Inc.

Murray Moo-Young

Robert Edward Burrell

John Michaelides

Sandra E Overgaard

Niels C Bols

Jeno M Scharer

Stephen Brand

Chih-Hsiung Chou

Biologically-active material, particularly hybridoma cells, is immobilized for mass culture in bioreactors to produce biological products, particularly monoclonal antibodies, by ionically-interacting polycationic groups on chitosan with polyanionic groups on a polyanionic water-soluble polymer. Preferably, the chitosan is chitosan acetate and the polyanionic polymer is sodium alginate. In one embodiment, droplets of a suspension of the biologically-active material and water-soluble polymer are gelled by forming a calcium salt of the water-soluble polymer to form temporary capsules, and a sequestering agent for the calcium ions is added to effect ionotropic gelation of the water-soluble polymer and chitosan to form a semi-permeable membrane around each temporary capsule. In another embodiment, porous beads are formed by exposing droplets of a suspension of the biologically active material and water-soluble polymer to an aqueous solution of chitosan and multiple cations. In a further embodiment, chitosan is added to a suspension of the biologically active material and water-soluble polymer and the resulting suspension is extruded into a solution of multi-valent anions to form a fibrous mass.

Immobilization of biologically active material in capsules prepared from

The invention provides a process for the microbial bioconversion of cereal milling by-products into proteinaceous material for human consumption. The by-products are aerobically fermented in a culture of the fungus Neurospora sitophila in the presence of suitable temperature, pH and nutrient conditions, for a time sufficient to grow microbial biomass protein.

Process for upgrading cereal milling by-products into protein-rich food

Growing community of inventors

Waterloo, Canada

Murray Moo-Young