Pfizer Corporation

Other

Danisco Finland Oy

Danisco Cultor America, Inc.

Michael Torrey Wuesthoff

Stuart Andrew Shaw Craig

Christina Sue Morrill

Pankaj Shashikant Shah

Paul Leo McGrane

Fu-Ning Fung

James W Miller

Pankaj Shah

James M Anderson

George W Borden

John Teixeira

Gary J Flynn

Mixtures of sorbitol fatty acid esters useful as low calorie fat substitutes are prepared through a direct esterification process. The process entails the direct esterification of sorbitol with free fatty acids, optionally in the presence of an esterification catalyst. The resulting sorbitol esters have an average degree of hydroxyl substitution ranging from about 3 to about 5.5. This partial esterification leads to a mixture of esters capable of serving as low calorie fat substitutes without undesirable physiological side effects or the need for additives. Furthermore, the direct esterification process proceeds without the need for large amounts of organic solvents or bleaching agents.

Method for the direct esterification of sorbitol with fatty acids

Various polysaccharides are prepared by reacting glucose or glucose-containing materials such as hydrolyzed starch with a polyol such as sorbitol in the presence of mineral acids such as phosphoric, hydrochloric and/or sulfuric acid. In one embodiment, polydextrose is prepared by reacting glucose or glucose-containing materials such as hydrolyzed starch with a polyol such as sorbitol in the presence of low levels, i.e., from about 0.001% to about 0.09%, more narrowly from about 0.01% to about 0.06%, phosphoric acid. In other embodiments, other mineral acids or mixtures thereof may be employed. In alternate embodiments, a combination of mineral and organic carboxylic acids such as citric acid are employed. Because of the low levels of catalyst used in certain preferred embodiments, minimal or no off-flavors and little color are formed during the course of the reaction.

Polymerization of mono-and disaccharides using low levels of mineral acids

Superior quality, clean-tasting food grade polydextrose is prepared by reacting glucose or glucose-containing materials such as hydrolyzed starch with a polyol such as sorbitol in the presence of low levels of a polycarboxylic acid such as citric acid. In one embodiment, polydextrose is prepared by reacting glucose or glucose-containing materials such as hydrolyzed starch with a polyol such as sorbitol in the presence of low levels, i.e., from about 0.03% to about 0.1% citric acid at a temperature of from about 145 to about 185 C., preferably from about 150 C. to about 160 C. Because of the low levels of catalyst used in preferred embodiments, minimal or no off-flavors and little color are formed during the course of the reaction, but the product may be purified using ion exchange, membrane filtration, or carbon treatment, or further modified by hydrogenation if desired for certain applications.

Polymerization of mono and disaccharides using low levels of polycarboxylic acids

There is disclosed a low calorie fat substitute comprising an emulsion containing a non-flowable aqueous phase, an oil phase and a fat extender. Also disclosed are low calorie fat substitutes wherein the fat or oil is replaced by a fat mimetic.

Low-calorie fat substitute

The process for producing hulupones by oxidation of lupulones, using an oxygen-containing gas, in a substantially aqueous, alkaline reaction medium is improved by carrying out the reaction using conditions under which the hulupones precipitate from the reaction medium as a salt, and are then recovered from the reaction medium as a salt. Hulupones are known substances which can be used as bittering agents, particularly in the brewing industry.

Winning bitter substances from hops

Growing community of inventors

Gales Ferry, CT, United States of America

Michael Torrey Wuesthoff