International Business Machines Corporation

Ultratech, Inc.

Michael J Sullivan

Jonathan Mark Wagner

Joseph J Kubik

Christian Lavoie

Paul Alfred Lauro

Da-Yuan Shih

Stephen L Buchwalter

Sung Kwon Kang

Kamalesh K Srivastava

Donald W Henderson

Ajay Prabhakar Giri

Leena Paivikki Buchwalter

Jonathan H Griffith

Timothy Martin Reith

Eric H Laine

Luc L Belanger

Valérie Anne Oberson

Michael Richard Ouellette

Peter Anton Habitz

James F White

Kris V Srikrishnan

Jeffery Howard Oppold

Paul S Ho

William J Tracey, Ii

Judith H McCullen

John James Gniewek

James R Lloyd

Edward W Seibert

L William Dewey, Iii

James M Oberschmidt

Edwin James Hilpert, Jr

Ronald Bruce Capelli

Jasvir Singh Jaspal

Dao Nguyen

Sivakumar Rajendran

Peter Paul Peressini

Devandra Gupta

David P Fouts

Kenneth C Knapp

Michael Daniel Santivenere

William C Bakker

Methods, apparatus, and products for browser operation with sets of favorites, the browser supporting tabbed browsing, where the browser operation includes opening, by the browser, a first member of a set of favorites in a new tab and loading, by the browser, a Uniform Resource Locator ('URL') for each member of the set into navigation memory for back and forward navigation functions for the new tab.

Browser operation with sets of favorites

An interconnection structure suitable for flip-chip attachment of microelectronic device chips to packages, comprising a two, three or four layer ball-limiting metallurgy including an adhesion/reaction barrier layer, and having a solder wettable layer reactive with components of a tin-containing lead free solder, so that the solderable layer can be totally consumed during soldering, but a barrier layer remains after being placed in contact with the lead free solder during soldering. One or more lead-free solder balls is selectively situated on the solder wetting layer, the lead-free solder balls comprising tin as a predominant component and one or more alloying components.

Interconnections for flip-chip using lead-free solders and having improved reaction barrier layers

Interconnection for flip-chip using lead-free solders and having improved reaction barrier layers

A methodology for displaying a website on a hand held display device (HHDD) is disclosed. The present invention comprises an Image Modification Program (IMP) and a Navigation Program (NP). The IMP analyzes the webpage HTML to determine if an image is present and if the image exceeds the allotted image display space on the HHDD display screen. The IMP calculates the required number of x-axis and y-axis divisions and fragments the image accordingly. The IMP displays the reduced web page on the HHDD, but replaces the reduced image with a fragment from the fragmented image. The fragment is displayed at the intended resolution allowing the user to view a portion of the image at full size, as opposed to the whole image at a reduced size. The NP of the present invention allows the user to move from one fragment to another. An alternative embodiment utilizing a proxy is also disclosed.

Apparatus and method for distributing portions of large web images to fit smaller constrained viewing areas

Broadcast information is classified in categories to facilitate user selection and filtration of the broadcast information which is processed for presentation to the user. The broadcast information is transmitted in the form of a meta frame and one or more category frames which are repeated in a continuous cycle. Meta frames and category frames are distinguished and identified by major and minor codes following a frame starting delimiter. The meta frame contains a description of each of the available categories, together with an identification of respective category major and minor codes, the frequency on which the respective category frame is transmitted if multiple frequencies are employed, and the relative position of the respective category frame within transmission cycle. If multiple frequencies are employed, the meta frame may be repeatedly broadcast on a base frequency while subsets of the category frames are transmitted on different frequencies, or the meta and category frames may be repeated in sequence on all frequencies but with varying offsets. Upon user selection of a category, the category information within the meta frame is employed to construct or key a filter for the broadcast information. The selected category frame data is received and added to a local database, formatted, and presented to the user.

Methods and apparatus of disseminating broadcast information to a handheld device

Expected service delays are determined from actual service data captured during service at an establishment. For each party seeking service at an establishment, the time at which the party seeks service and the time at which the party receives, or at least begins receiving, service are automatically captured, by sensors situated proximate to a cafeteria-style service line or from a data processing system-implemented waiting list. A subset of the collected data is selected utilizing defined criteria relevant to service times, such as time of day, level of service as a proportion to overall capacity, etc. An average service delay for parties is then calculated from the selected subset of collected service data. This average service delay is employed in determining an expected service delay for prospective customers, adjusting the average service delay by multiplication with a factor specified to correspond with relevant characteristics of service at the establishment, such as time of day, size of the party seeking service, etc. The projected service delay for a prospective customer is then transmitted from the establishment's Web site to the requester.

Method and apparatus to determine mean time to service

A client station on computer network uses an operating system such as JavaOS which is permanently stored at the server rather than on storage media at the client location. JavaOS is loaded and installed at the client upon bootup of the client. The JavaOS is loaded and installed at the client upon bootup of the client. Once the basic system is booted using local firmware, and the base file systems on the network are enabled, an application can begin running, and when it needs to use a particular class file a request will be made through the file system and will be routed over to a generic file system driver, on the client, which will then determine, using a set of configured information, where this class exists; it will utilize the particular file systems available on to that booted client, whether it be NFS, or TFTP, to determine where the server is and how to retrieve that particular class file. It will go ahead and force that operation to occur and the class file will be retrieved and cached locally on the client to be used by the application. In order to avoid loading unneeded or lesser-used parts of the JavaOS from the server to the client memory at boot time, groups of classes are broken out of the monolithic image of JavaOS, as part of the Java service loader model (JSL). JSL-provided packages allow an URL prefix to be provided as part of a package's configuration information. When a class method/data is requested by the loader via the filesystem, if it is not already present, the URL prefix is used to lazily retrieve and cache that file in memory. This allows classes and data files to be delivered as needed, and significantly reduces the amount of data to be retrieved by TFTP by the client at boot time.

Selective loading of client operating system in a computer network

A client station on computer network uses an operating system such as JavaOS which is permanently stored at the server rather than on storage media at the client location. The JavaOS is loaded and installed at the client upon bootup of the client. The client loads certain standard file systems as part of the basic OS code that it receives from the server. These employ a generic file system driver, which is located in Java code rather than in native code at the client. In addition to the standard file systems, other file systems may be installed, using this generic file system driver. For example, a file system for a hard drive may be installed at a particular client, even though this file system is not part of the set of standard file systems. Providing the generic file system driver or handler switch in Java code rather than native code allows file systems to be dynamically added to a running system.

Installable file system for client in a computer network

A method and structure for performing parasitic extraction for a multi-fingered device comprising of establishing a maximum processing width of a finger of the device, dividing fingers of the device that exceed the maximum width into sub-fingers, determining whether ones of the fingers and the sub-fingers have similar characteristics, combining ones of the fingers and the sub-fingers that have similar characteristics into combined fingers, and extracting parasitic values from the fingers, the sub-fingers and the combined fingers.

Method of performing parasitic extraction for a multi-fingered transistor

A three-dimensional graphical user interface is provided wherein the windows have a &ldquo;thickness&rdquo; property. In the preferred embodiment, a window will have a Z plane position (z) and a Z plane thickness (cz) as well as the traditional x, cx, y and cy. This allows positioning anywhere in three dimensional space. Using either a three axis mouse or a conventional mouse with supplemental control (perhaps keyboard), each axis may be traversed to navigate the desktop. As the pointer moves along an axis, the user's point of view can change, bringing the view either closer/farther/left/right, depending on the direction of motion, which may cause the windows perspective to change, e.g., larger or smaller. The user's perspective can pass into and through the window-blocks. As the user moves through a window-block, the mouse mickey ratio changes so that, while the cursor position or user viewpoint might change relatively rapidly in &ldquo;empty space,&rdquo; it would change more slowly when the user's perspective or the cursor is moving through a solid window-block, thus making the window-block seem more substantial.

Three-dimensional GUI windows with variable-speed perspective movement

A compiler for building at least one compilable SRAM including at least one compilable sub-block. A global control clock generation circuit generates a global control signal. At least one local control logic and speed control circuit controls the at least one compilable sub-block. The local control logic and speed control circuit is controlled by the global control signal. An algorithm receives an input capacity and configuration for the sub-block of the SRAM array. An algorithm determines a number of wordlines and bitlines required to create the sub-block of the input capacity. An algorithm optimizes a cycle time of the sub-block by determining global control clock circuits based upon the number of wordlines and bitlines in the sub-block. An algorithm optimizes access time of the sub-block by determining local speed control circuits based upon the number of wordlines and bitlines.

Performance optimizing compiler for building a compiled SRAM

Electromigration activity is decreased and lifetime is extended in solder stripes employed as conductors and terminals on microelectronic devices by forming an alloy of a solute element, such as copper, with tin in a lead/tin solder and providing a substantially uniform distribution of particles of the intermetallic compound in the solder. The concentration of the solute element is maintained at less than about three times the tin concentration and less than about 10% of the amount of the solder.

Electromigration lifetime increase of lead base alloys

Use of a rare gas in combination with oxygen or nitrogen to sputter etch unreacted platinum after formation of a platinum silicide contact structure for the formation of a Schottky Barrier diode in a silicon semiconductor substrate.

Method for forming Pt-Si Schottky barrier contact

The method allows the formation of a self-aligned guardring surrounding a Schottky barrier device. The resulting guardring is as close to the Schottky barrier device as is possible. This reduces the area of the chip used by other guardring forming techniques of the prior art. The method involves first opening a hole in an insulator to expose the silicon surface. The Schottky barrier forming metal is then deposited over the insulator and the silicon surface. Heat treatment of the appropriate temperature and time is utilized to form the metal silicide Schottky barrier device. During this device formation, there is a volume shrinkage in the metal silicide which forms a narrow annulus of exposed silicon around the metal silicide contact. The unreacted metal is removed. Ion implantation of ion of opposite polarity to the exposed silicon is imparted to the structure to form a guardring surrounding the Schottky barrier device.

Method for forming a self-aligned schottky barrier device guardring

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Red Hook, NY, United States of America

Michael J Sullivan