Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc.

Kraft Foods Global Brands LLC

Nabisco, Inc.

Chromocell Corporation

Nabisco Technology Company

Nabisco Brands, Inc.

Kraft Foods Group Brands LLC

Diageo Great Britain Limited

Post Foods, LLC

Intercontinental Great Brands LLC

Kraft General Foods, Inc.

Louise Slade

Harry Levine

Lynn C Haynes

Norbert Gimmler

James M Manns

Jeanny E Zimeri

Mee-Ra Kweon

John P Locke, Iii

Diane Louise Gannon

Julia M Carey

Theresa E Dzurenko

Mark J Moisey

Edward Douglas Howey

Mihaelos N Mihalos

Kambiz Shekdar

Domenico R Cassone

Peter Harris Brown

Joseph Gunnet

Ning Zhou

Sarwat Gabriel

Jane V Leland

Ellen L Zimmerman

Vijay Kumar Arora

David K Hayashi

Kevin McHugh

Jessica Langer

Chii-Fen Wang

William P Jones

Allan R Olson

Zhen-Yi Yan

Daniel Lavery

Meera Kweon

Bernhard H Van Lengerich

Richard D Fazzolare

Henry E Arciszewski

Robert M Sauer, Jr

Scott Winston

Weizhu Yu

Martha Y Wang

Stuart Craig

Kevin Addesso

James Ievolella

Patricia Ann Mozeke

Dennis Brooks

C William Epperson

John G Pickup

Lawrence P Klemann

Ronald P D'Amelia

Andrew Edward McPherson

Michael S Otterburn

H David Rosenfeld

Ronald G Yarger

Daniel Albert Green

Paul R Mathewson

Diane L Hnat

Harish Radhakrishna

Anna M Magliacano

Patricia Verduin

George McDonald Squire

Xiaoming You

Harold I Levine

Tim Michael Adrianson

Carolyn Louise Wilhelm

Randall T Deihl

Lisa R Beehler

Stuart A Craig

Purvi Manoj Shah

Edward Larue

Susan Saunders

Lynne C Haynes

Pankaj N Patel

Hamed A Faridi

Wayne Brown

Richard P Maitland

Michael Jonathan Doby

Ramanathan Santhanagopalan

Daniel Akkaway

Juan A Menijvar

Julia Leigh DesRochers

Jeffery T Galbraith

Denise Deming

Maya Jenkins

Harold Ira Levine

Haresh P Madera

Jonathan Anobile

Andrew E Mcpherson

Charles C Epperson

Charles W Epperson

Harry Ira Levine

Edward D Howey

Robert Ernest Altomare

Darrell Gerald Medcalf

Chi-Fen Wang

Julia L Desrochers

George Mcdonald Squire

Kambiz Skedar

A slush beverage formulation and method for preparing same that, once reaching a steady-state temperature in a freezer, results in a pourable slush. The pourable slush is obtained by formulating to a specific range of ingredient content, dependent on the alcohol content of the end product. In a preferred form, an ice-nucleating agent and/or an ice-particle-shape-controlling ingredient are added.

Slush

The present invention is based on applicants' discovery, disclosed herein, of agonists for the TAS2R receptors TAS2R1, TAS2R4, TAS2R9, TAS2R13, TAS2R14, TAS2R16, TAS2R38, TAS2R39, TAS2R44, TAS2R46, and TAS2R60. The assignment of agonists to these receptors makes assays for identifying compounds that modulate bitter taste possible. For example, the present invention provides methods of identifying compounds that inhibit the bitter taste due to these agonists. The present invention also provides methods of identifying compounds that selectively inhibit the bitter taste due to these agonists. The present invention further provides methods of identifying compounds that mimic the bitter taste due these agonists. The present invention also provides methods of identifying compounds that enhance the bitter taste due to these agonists.

Assays for identifying compounds that modulate bitter taste

The present invention provides edible compositions comprising a compound of the present invention, food products comprising such edible compositions and methods of preparing such food products. The present invention also provides methods of reducing the amount of NaCl in a food product, methods of reducing the sodium intake in a diet, and methods of reducing bitter taste in a food product.

Compounds, compositions, and methods for reducing or eliminating bitter taste

The present invention is based on applicants' discovery, disclosed herein, of agonists for the TAS2R receptors TAS2R1, TAS2R4, TAS2R9, TAS2R13, TAS2R14, TAS2R16, TAS2R44, TAS2R46, and TAS2R60. The assignment of agonists to these receptors makes assays for identifying compounds that modulate bitter taste possible. For example, the present invention provides methods of identifying compounds that inhibit the bitter taste due to these agonists. The present invention also provides methods of identifying compounds that selectively inhibit the bitter taste due to these agonists. The present invention further provides methods of identifying compounds that mimic the bitter taste due these agonists. The present invention also provides methods of identifying compounds that enhance the bitter taste due to these agonists.

A stigmasterol-rich phytosterol composition is prepared wherein the composition comprises at least 50% stigmasterol, based on the total weight of phytosterols, no more than 1000 ppm water, no more than 50 ppm ethanol, and wherein stigmasterol is at least 98% in the anhydrous form. A ready-to-freeze beverage is provided comprising the stigmasterol-rich composition and water, with optional additives. A frozen beverage is prepared from the ready-to-freeze beverage as a pourable slush. There are further provided processes to prepare the ready-to-freeze beverage and the frozen slush beverage.

Stigmasterol-rich phytosterol composition and use

Extruded, directly expanded, high fiber reduced calorie food products, such as a ready-to-eat (RTE) cereal or sweet or savory snack, are produced at high production rates without substantial loss of extrusion functionality and extrudability by replacing a substantial portion of at least one flour with a gelatinized, enzyme-resistant starch type III ingredient or bulking agent as a reduced-calorie, high fiber flour replacer. The resistant starch type III ingredient or bulking agent contains an enzyme-resistant starch type III having a melting point with an endothermic peak temperature of at least about 140&#xb0; C., and may have a water-holding capacity of less than 3 grams water per gram of the starch-based bulking agent. The total dietary fiber retention of the gelatinized, starch-based bulking agent may be at least about 90% by weight after extrusion using a die temperature of least about 100&#xb0; C., and a die pressure of at least about 150 psig.

Production of low calorie, extruded, expanded foods having a high fiber content

A stabilized bran component and a stabilized whole grain flour containing the component are produced by subjecting a bran-enriched coarse fraction which contains bran, germ and starch to grinding or milling to reduce grittiness of the coarse fraction without substantially damaging the starch due to abrasion. The coarse fraction may be stabilized by heating to substantially reduce the lipase and lipoxygenase activity of the coarse fraction without substantial gelatinization of the starch. High levels of natural antioxidants and vitamins are retained while avoiding substantial acrylamide formation during the stabilization. The stabilized coarse fraction or stabilized bran component may be combined with a fine fraction which contains predominantly endosperm to obtain a stabilized whole grain flour. The stabilized whole grain flours and the stabilized bran component exhibit extended shelf life and may be used for making baked goods, such as cookies, with desirable oven spread, and a non-gritty mouthfeel.

Production of stabilized whole grain flour and products thereof

A stabilized bran component and stabilized whole grain wheat flour containing the component are produced by subjecting a bran-enriched coarse fraction which contains bran, germ and starch to grinding or milling to reduce grittiness of the coarse fraction without substantially damaging the starch due to abrasion. The coarse fraction may be stabilized by heating to substantially reduce the lipase and lipoxygenase activity of the coarse fraction without substantial starch gelatinization. High levels of natural antioxidants and vitamins are retained while avoiding substantial acrylamide formation during the stabilization. The stabilized coarse fraction or stabilized bran component may be combined with a fine fraction which contains predominantly endosperm to obtain a stabilized whole grain wheat flour. The stabilized whole grain wheat flours and stabilized bran component exhibit extended shelf life and may be used for making baked goods, such as cookies, with desirable oven spread, and a non-gritty mouthfeel.

Production of stabilized whole grain wheat flour and products thereof

An enzyme resistant starch type III having a melting point or endothermic peak of at least about 140&#xb0; C. as determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is produced in yields of at least about 25% by weight, based upon the weight of the original starch ingredient. A gelatinization stage, nucleation/propagation stage, and preferably a heat-treatment stage are used to produce reduced calorie starch-based compositions which contain the enzyme resistant starch type III. The high melting point of the enzyme resistant starch permits its use in baked good formulations without substantial loss of enzyme resistance upon baking. A gelatinized, starch-based bulking agent having at least 30% by weight of the enzyme-resistant starch may be used in bar-type, extruded, sheeted, or rotary molded food products. The melting enthalpy of the bulking agent may be from about 0.5 to about 4 Joules/g and its water-holding capacity may be less than 3 grams.

Process for making enzyme-resistant starch for reduced-calorie flour replacer

An extruded, directly expanded, high fiber reduced calorie food product, such as a ready-to-eat (RTE) cereal or sweet or savory snack, is produced at high production rates without substantial loss of extrusion functionality and extrudability by replacing a substantial portion of at least one flour with a gelatinized, enzyme-resistant starch type III ingredient or bulking agent as a reduced-calorie, high fiber flour replacer. The resistant starch type III ingredient or bulking agent contains an enzyme-resistant starch type III having a melting point with an endothermic peak temperature of at least about 140&#xb0; C., and may have a water-holding capacity of less than 3 grams water per gram of the starch-based bulking agent. The total dietary fiber retention of the gelatinized, starch-based bulking agent may be at least about 90% by weight after the extrusion using a die temperature of least about 100&#xb0; C., and a die pressure of at least about 150 psig.

A stabilized bran component and a stabilized whole grain wheat flour containing the component are produced by subjecting a bran-enriched coarse fraction which contains bran, germ and starch to grinding or milling to reduce grittiness of the coarse fraction without substantially damaging the starch due to abrasion. The coarse fraction may be stabilized by heating to substantially reduce the lipase and lipoxygenase activity of the coarse fraction without substantial gelatinization of the starch. High levels of natural antioxidants and vitamins are retained while avoiding substantial acrylamide formation during the stabilization. The stabilized coarse fraction or stabilized bran component may be combined with a fine fraction which contains predominantly endosperm to obtain a stabilized whole grain wheat flour. The stabilized whole grain wheat flours and the stabilized bran component exhibit extended shelf life and may be used for making baked goods, such as cookies, with desirable oven spread, and a non-gritty mouthfeel.

Growing community of inventors

Morris Plains, NJ, United States of America

Louise Slade