University of Rochester

Synopsys, Inc.

Qualcomm Incorporated

Bausch-lomb Incorporated

Avago Technologies General IP (singapore) Pte. Ltd.

Foxconn Interconnect Technology Limited

Rochester Institute of Technology

University of Michigan

Avago Technologies International Sales Pte. Limited

Li Ding

Wayne Harvey Knox

Dharmendra M Jani

Jay Friedrich Kunzler

Peivand Tehrani

Alireza Kasnavi

Ye Chen

Jin Won Lee

Krystel R Huxlin

Wenwen Chai

Shankar Sadasivam

Bing Shao

Ahmed M Shebaita

George Cherian

Santosh Paul Abraham

Thomas W Smith

Vidya Narayanan

Jeffrey George Linhardt

Ashwin Deepak Swaminathan

Omid Momtahan

Jiayong Le

Jindrich Zejda

Rupesh Nayak

Andrew Schmit

Narender Hanchate

Candido D Pinto

Alexandros Manolakos

Michael John Brosnan

Leonard Henry Grokop

Seng-Kum Chan

David J K Meadowcroft

Paul Yu

Nahmsuk Oh

Pinaki Mazumder

Dongqing Cao

Xin Wang

Peivand Fallah-Tehrani

Lukas Daniel Kuhn

Andrew Engel

Klaus D Giessler

Jared D Stack

Han Young Koh

Yazdan Aghaghiri

Ravikishore Gandikota

Hong Li

Ruijing Shen

Kelvin Le

Albert Wooi-Quan Khor

Tak-Kui Wang

A set of global parameters may be modeled using a set of equivalent parameters, where the set of global parameters represents global process variation in a circuit. A global distribution for a metric in the circuit may be determined by performing Monte-Carlo (MC) analysis using the set of equivalent parameters. Combined local and global variations for the metric may be calculated based on the global distribution for the metric and a local distribution for the metric.

Combined global and local process variation modeling

An optical device comprising an optical hydrogel with select regions that have been irradiated with laser light having a pulse energy from 0.01 nJ to 50 nJ and a wavelength from 600 nm to 900 nm. The irradiated regions are characterized by a positive change in refractive index of from 0.01 to 0.06, and exhibit little or no scattering loss. The optical hydrogel is prepared with a hydrophilic monomer.

Optical material and method for modifying the refractive index

Various embodiments of a method and apparatus for determining parametric timing yield and bottlenecks are disclosed which take into account correlation between electrical circuit paths through common timing arcs of an integrated circuit chip under design. Monte Carlo samples of timing arc delays are generated and used in computing timing yield and identify yield bottlenecks.

Method to compute timing yield and yield bottleneck using correlated sample generation and efficient statistical simulation

A method for modelling timing behavior using augmented sensitivity data for physical parameters is disclosed. The method includes acquiring timing library data and sensitivity data for a physical parameter associated with a circuit design, generating a timing behavior model for the circuit design based on the timing library data and sensitivity data for the physical parameter, and storing the timing behavior model. The timing behavior model reduces a difference between a current known best measurement associated with the circuit design and a static timing analysis timing for the circuit design.

Modelling timing behavior using augmented sensitivity data for physical parameters

For each circuit element in a pair of launch and capture paths, a parameter value of the circuit element may be modified by a variation amount that is assigned to a class of circuit elements to which the circuit element belongs. Next, a timing slack may be computed for the pair of launch and capture paths.

Global mistracking analysis in integrated circuit design

An equivalent input characterization waveform (EICW) is determined for a channel-connected block (CCB) located on a boundary of a cell, for a specific waveform of interest. The EICW and the specific waveform of interest produce a same timing characteristic of the CCB, but the EICW belongs to a set of waveforms on which a behavioral timing model for the multi-stage cell is based whereas the specific waveform of interest is not so limited. A timing response of the multi-stage cell is then estimated based on applying the EICW.

Timing modeling of multi-stage cells using both behavioral and structural models

Techniques and systems for determining an output waveform at an output of a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) logic gate are described. Some embodiments can identify at least one set of inputs of the CMOS logic gate that, when switched together, causes multiple transistors coupled in parallel to simultaneously turn-on and drive the output of the CMOS logic gate. Next, the embodiments can determine a set of current source models that are coupled in parallel to model the CMOS logic gate when the set of inputs of the CMOS logic gate are switched together. The embodiments can then simulate the set of current source models together to determine the output waveform at the output of the CMOS logic gate when the set of inputs of the CMOS logic gate are switched together.

Accurately calculating multi-input switching delay of complemantary-metal-oxide semiconductor gates

Embodiments provide for mitigating parametric yield loss of an integrated circuit (IC) design. In certain embodiments, a delay distribution associated with at least one cell disposed in the design is determined. A pin slack distribution associated with paths in which the at least one cell is disposed is determined. A residual distribution is determined based at least in part on the delay distribution and the pin slack distribution. Yield loss associated with the at least one cell is determined based at least in part on the delay distribution and the residual distribution. When it is determined that that the yield loss associated with the at least one cell exceeds a yield loss threshold, the at least one cell may be identified as a candidate for replacement with a replacement cell.

Mitigating timing yield loss due to high-sigma rare-event process variation

Optical device and method for modifying the refractive index of an optical material

A method for modifying the refractive index of an optical, polymeric material. The method comprises irradiating select regions of the optical, polymeric material with a focused, visible or near-IR laser having a pulse energy from 0.05 nJ to 1000 nJ. The irradiation results in the formation of refractive optical structures, which exhibit little or no scattering loss. The method can he used to modify the refractive index of an intraocular lens following the surgical implantation of the intraocular lens in a human eye. The invention is also directed to an optical device comprising refractive optical structures, which exhibit little or no scattering loss and are characterized by a positive change in refractive index.

A freeform DOE for use in an optical transmitter and a method of designing and manufacturing the DOE are provided. The freeform DOE is capable of achieving the same, or nearly the same, functionality as that of a glass DOE, but has a design that has been transformed to make the surface profile of the DOE compatible with a molding process that can be used to manufacture the DOE with high quality at low costs. The method of designing and manufacturing the DOE includes preselecting a CGH that will obtain a target freeform DOE design, using a preselected smoothing function to smooth the surface profile of the target freeform DOE design to transform the design into a DOE design that is compatible with a molding process, and using a fabrication process to manufacture a freeform DOE that is based on the transformed DOE design.

Freeform diffractive optical element (DOE) for use in an optical transmitter and method of designing and manufacturing the freeform DOE

A method for modifying the refractive index of an optical polymeric material. The method comprises continuously irradiating predetermined regions of an optical, polymeric material with femtosecond laser pulses to form a gradient index refractive structure within the material. The optical polymeric material can include a photosensitizer to increase the photoefficiency of the two-photo process resulting in the formation of the observed refractive structures. An optical device includes an optical, polymeric lens material having an anterior surface and posterior surface and an optical axis intersecting the surfaces and at least one laser-modified, GRIN layer disposed between the anterior surface and the posterior surface and arranged along a first axis 45&#xb0; to 90&#xb0; to the optical axis. The at least one laser-modified GRIN layer comprises a plurality of adjacent refractive segments characterized by a variation in index of refraction across at least one of at least a portion of the adjacent segments and along each segment.

Method for modifying the refractive index of an optical material and resulting optical vision component

A laser system for modifying the index of refraction of an optical hydrogel material. The laser system comprises a computer program to determine the position and shape of refractive structures to be written into the optical hydrogel material to correct a patient's vision, and a focused laser that generates laser light having a wavelength of from 400 nm to 900 nm, and which operates with an average power of 10 mW to 1000 mW to produce a pulse energy from 0.05 nJ to 1000 nJ with a peak intensity at focus of greater than 10W/cm. The refractive structures exhibit a change in the index of refraction of 0.01 to 0.06 in the optical hydrogel material.

An optics system is provided that comprises a glass-based diffractive optical element (DOE) for coupling an optical signal passing out of an optical waveguide into a photodetector. The glass-based DOE improves optical link performance by performing one or more of shortening a response time of a photodetector, preventing an overloading condition of the photodetector from occurring and managing back reflection of light from the photodetector. The glass-based DOE is relatively inexpensively to manufacture and is reliable over a wide range of temperatures.

Optical communications module having an optics system that improves link performance, and methods

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Li Ding