Tokai Carbon Company, Ltd.

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

The University of Tokyo

Hitoshi Ue

Shinji Misono

Yasuharu Yoshii

Hiroshi Fujioka

Hiroaki Hatori

Junya Yamashita

Tetsuro Hirasaki

A semiconductor substrate that includes a semiconductor layer that exhibits high crystallinity includes a graphite layer formed of a heterocyclic polymer obtained by condensing an aromatic tetracarboxylic acid and an aromatic tetramine, and a semiconductor layer that is grown on the surface of the graphite layer, or includes a substrate that includes a graphite layer formed of a heterocyclic polymer obtained by condensing an aromatic tetracarboxylic acid and an aromatic tetramine on its surface, a buffer layer that is grown on the surface of the graphite layer, and a semiconductor layer that is grown on the surface of the buffer layer.

Semiconductor substrate, method for producing semiconductor substrate, substrate for semiconductor growth, method for producing substrate for semiconductor growth, semiconductor element, light-emitting element, display panel, electronic element, solar cell element, and electronic device

There is disclosed carbon black for a tire tread rubber which has a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N.sub.2 SA) of 60 to 160 m.sup.2 /g and a dibutyl phthalate absorption (DBP) of 90 to 150 ml/100 g which belong to the respective regions of hard grades of carbon black, and an intraaggregate void volume Vp (ml/g) which is at most equal to the value calculated according to the formula.

Carbon black for tire tread rubber

There is disclosed carbon black for a tire tread rubber which has a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N.sub.2 SA) of 60 to 160 m.sup.2 /g and a dibutyl phthalate absorption (DBP) of 90 to 150 ml/100 g which belong to the respective regions of hard grades of carbon black, and an intraaggregate void volume Vp (ml/g) at least equal to the value calculated according to the equation: [0.00976.times.DBP-0.0358].

A rubber composition comprising 100 parts by weight of a rubber component and compounded therewith 30 to 100 parts by weight of a carbon black of the category of hard carbon blacks having a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N.sub.2 SA) of 58 to 139 m.sup.2 /g, a DBP absorption number of 90 to 150 ml/100 g and having such selective characteristics that the intraaggregate void size, D.sub.p (nm), as measured by mercury porosimetry is equal to or higher than a value calculated by the relational formula [-0.22.times.(N.sub.2 SA)+60.8].

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Gotenba, Japan

Hitoshi Ue