Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation

Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha

Ricoh Company, Ltd.

Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha

Sanoh Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha

Atsushi Ohta

Shinya Otsuki

Kazuyoshi Saito

Satoru Aikawa

Tomoaki Kumagai

Akinori Hirukawa

Atsushi Matsuo

Kengo Nagata

Yusuke Yamagishi

Tetsuo Kojima

Tatsuya Kato

Kaori Kimura

Takashi Emura

Hitoshi Iikura

Masahiro Umehira

Mikimasa Tanada

Koji Takano

Ryuichi Takeyama

Naoaki Murao

Miki Kojima

Kazuhiko Nakano

Kousuke Asou

Takuya Torizawa

Ryusuke Takano

Nozomi Hisada

Shiori Kariyuki

Takeo Iida

Takashi Fujita

Masafumi Yoshioka

Takuya Shiraishi

Mitsuru Hasegawa

Seiji Ishii

Makoto Nakamura

Hideki Kimura

Hiroshi Itoh

Yasuhiko Inoue

Takatoshi Sugiyama

Noriyuki Kamiya

Yoshiyuki Takano

Taisuke Tokuwaki

Takayuki Yoshii

Fuchio Takeda

Kyoichi Ashikawa

Kazuo Ishida

Shota Tanaka

Yuuya Nakatani

Chiaki Inomata

Kengo Nataga

Hijin Satoh

Yuichi Sagawa

Yasunobu Endou

An object of the present invention is to provide methods of discovering drugs effective for tough targets, which have conventionally been discovered only with difficulty. The present invention relates to novel methods for cyclizing peptide compounds, and novel peptide compounds and libraries comprising the same, to achieve the above object.

Peptide-compound cyclization method

An objective of the present invention is to provide methods of synthesizing peptides containing structurally diverse amino acids using cell-free translation systems, which can accomplish excellent translational efficiency as compared to conventional techniques (the conventional techniques being methods which involve preparing aminoacyl-tRNAs which do not have protecting groups outside the translation systems without using ARS, and then adding the prepared aminoacyl-tRNAs into translation systems). In the present invention, it was found that amino acid-containing peptides can be synthesized efficiently by protecting an amino acid linked to tRNA with an appropriate protecting group, and then performing the step of deprotecting the protecting group of the amino acid linked to tRNA and the step of peptide translation from a template nucleic acid in a cell-free translation system in parallel.

Method for synthesizing peptides in cell-free translation system

The present invention provides modified aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) having increased reactivity with N-methyl amino acids compared to natural aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. The modified aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases according to the present invention can aminoacylate tRNAs with their corresponding N-methyl-substituted amino acids such as N-methyl-phenylalanine, N-methyl-valine, N-methyl-serine, N-methyl-threonine, N-methyl-tryptophan and N-methyl-leucine more efficiently than natural aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. The present invention enables a more efficient production of polypeptides containing N-methyl amino acids.

Modified aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase and use thereof

The present invention provides modified aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) having increased reactivity with N-methyl amino acids compared to natural aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. The modified aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases according to the present invention can aminoacylate tRNAs with their corresponding N-methyl-substituted amino acids such as N-methyl-phenylalanine, N-methyl-valine, N-methyl-serine, N-methyl-threonine, N-methyl-tryptophan, and N-methyl-leucine more efficiently than natural aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. The present invention enables a more efficient production of polypeptides containing N-methyl amino acids.

When a transmission rate of each of lines that transmit data simultaneously between two STAs by using a plurality of radio channels and/or MIMO can be set independently, one data frame is fragmented in accordance with the transmission rates of the respective lines so as to generate a plurality of data packets having the same packet time length and data sizes equal to or smaller than a maximum data size. Those data packets are transmitted simultaneously by using a plurality of radio channels, or one radio channel and MIMO, or a plurality of radio channels and MIMO.

Wireless packet communication method

In retransmission processing due to a failure of transmission of data packets, a plurality of data packets are simultaneously transmitted between two STAs by utilizing multiple wireless channels and MIMO, and the number of idle channels and the number of retransmission packets are compared. Then, when both of the numbers are different or only when the number of idle channels is larger than the number of retransmission packets, the retransmission packets are reconstructed according to the number of idle channels, and the reconstructed retransmission packets are simultaneously transmitted by using the idle channels.

Wireless packet communication method and wireless packet communication apparatus

A developer-controlling member includes a first plate () and a second plate () attached to the first plate (), the first and second plates () being formed to extend in a longitudinal direction of a developing roller () including a magnet roller; a half blanking fitting projection () is formed on one of the first and second plates (), a fitting hole () fitting to the fitting projection () is formed in the other of the first and second plates (), and the first and second plates are fastened by caulking the fitting projection.

Developer-controlling member, manufacturing method thereof, developing machine using the developer-controlling member, image forming apparatus or printer using the developing machine, and jointed plate

Data packets are transmitted between two STAs capable of using plural radio channels and MIMO together, by using idle channels and MIMO. When at least one idle channel has been detected, plural data packets are generated in the same number as the sum of MIMO numbers of the respective idle channels, in which the data packets are generated from one or plural data frames, and plural data packets having the same packet time length are transmitted simultaneously between the two STAs by using the idle channels and MIMO.

A plurality of data packets that contain sequence numbers, respectively, are transmitted simultaneously between two STAs by using a wireless channel and MIMO. An STA receiving the plurality of data packets transmitted simultaneously by using MIMO generates a single ACK packet containing information that corresponds to a sequence number of each data packet successfully received, and transmits the single ACK packet to a transmit-side STA without using MIMO. Thus, a ratio of successful ACK packet receptions to total receptions can be increased. An effect of improving throughput achieved by simultaneous transmission can also be ensured.

Error compensating method and apparatus and medium storing an error compensating program

A development roller for developing a latent electrostatic image to a visible toner image with toner, including a surface layer which contains a guanamine-skeleton-containing compound.

Development roller

Growing community of inventors

Kanagawa, Japan

Atsushi Ohta