Process for generation of synthetic fuel from carbonaceus substances

Abstract

A method and apparatus for the generation of synthetic motor fuels and additives to oil fuels, C-Calcohols, hydrogen, methane, synthesized gas (H+CO) by hydrothermal treatment of carbonaceous compounds by providing a two-stage carbon gasification process operated under the supercritical conditions of HO and CO, including a first stage gasification reactor having a reaction zone for the conversion of carbonaceous compounds and a second stage reactor for the conversion of the products of the first stage reactor; feeding a aqueous suspension of carbonaceous compound in an amount of at least 30% by weight and an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal catalyst or reactive OH-species from an electrolyzer through said first stage gasification reactor as a supercritical fluid at a volume velocity of 0.01-0.05 g of carbon per 1 cmper hour, at a carbon/catalyst mole ratio of between about 70/1 and 90/1, at a temperature of 390-450° C., and under a pressure of about 225 to 500 bars; feeding the reaction products from the first stage reactor to the second stage reactor over a copper-zinc catalyst at the temperature of 200-280° C. and under a pressure of at least about 100 bars so that any gases generated in the first stage are converted into C-Calcohols with the weight ratio of C-Cto C-Cbetween about 0-35% to 100-65%.