The patent badge is an abbreviated version of the USPTO patent document. The patent badge does contain a link to the full patent document.
The patent badge is an abbreviated version of the USPTO patent document. The patent badge covers the following: Patent number, Date patent was issued, Date patent was filed, Title of the patent, Applicant, Inventor, Assignee, Attorney firm, Primary examiner, Assistant examiner, CPCs, and Abstract. The patent badge does contain a link to the full patent document (in Adobe Acrobat format, aka pdf). To download or print any patent click here.
Patent No.:
Date of Patent:
Aug. 20, 2013
Filed:
Dec. 06, 2006
Andre E. Nel, Sherman Oaks, CA (US);
Andre E. Nel, Sherman Oaks, CA (US);
The Regents of the University of California, Oakland, CA (US);
Abstract
A method based is provided for determining the toxicity of engineered nanomaterials (NM). The method comprises in vitro assays for oxidative stress associated with exposure to engineered NM, which comprise assays for: reactive oxygen species production; phase II and glutathione antioxidant molecule expression; activation of MAP and NF-kappa B kinase signaling cascades; production of cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules; mitochondrial perturbation and apoptosis; and cellular uptake and subcellular localization of the NM. The method further comprises in vivo assays for oxidative stress in subjects exposed to NM.