The patent badge is an abbreviated version of the USPTO patent document. The patent badge does contain a link to the full patent document.
The patent badge is an abbreviated version of the USPTO patent document. The patent badge covers the following: Patent number, Date patent was issued, Date patent was filed, Title of the patent, Applicant, Inventor, Assignee, Attorney firm, Primary examiner, Assistant examiner, CPCs, and Abstract. The patent badge does contain a link to the full patent document (in Adobe Acrobat format, aka pdf). To download or print any patent click here.
Patent No.:
Date of Patent:
Oct. 02, 2012
Filed:
Jul. 30, 2004
John M. Newsam, San Diego, CA (US);
Ilya Feygin, Mountainside, NJ (US);
Samir Mitragotri, Goleta, CA (US);
Robert Dominic King-smith, San Diego, CA (US);
John M. Newsam, San Diego, CA (US);
Ilya Feygin, Mountainside, NJ (US);
Samir Mitragotri, Goleta, CA (US);
Robert Dominic King-Smith, San Diego, CA (US);
Tioga Research, Inc., San Diego, CA (US);
Abstract
The present invention teaches apparatus () and methods for screening the effect of test formulations on the barrier properties of a membrane (), that are especially beneficial when skin is used as the test membrane (). The apparatus () and methods enable more efficient measurements of skin permeabilization, of the permeation of molecular or particulate entities through skin, and of the absorption and adsorption by skin of ingredients in fluid formulations, together with screening of exfoliation of material from the exterior of the stratum corneum. The apparatus () provide for fluid contact to the skin from both donor and receptor sides, for measurements of skin electrical response in the presence of test formulations, of permeation and permeation enhancement, for the depth profiling of test formulation constituents through the skin, of stratum corneum component disruption, and of loss of material from the stratum corneum.