Negative-refraction metamaterials using continuous metallic grids over ground for controlling and guiding electromagnetic radiation

Abstract

For the cost effective implementation of negative-index refraction, an anisotropic hyperbolic planar metamaterial is provided. The material has a first set of substantially parallel, unloaded and coplanar transmission lines that are spaced with a periodicity dy. It has a second set of substantially parallel, unloaded and coplanar transmission lines that are spaced with a periodicity dx and are coplanar and substantially orthogonal with the first set of transmission lines. The periodicities of the first set and second set of transmission lines are governed by the relationship βx(fr)dx+βy(fr)dy=2π, where: βx and βy are the intrinsic propagation constants of electromagnetic waves of frequency fr propagating along the first and second set of transmission lines, respectively.