Applications of nonconjugated conductive polymers

Abstract

Nonconjugated conductive polymers, which are all polymers that have a ratio of double bonds to total bonds of less than ½ are doped or used to produce compositions with unexpected characteristics in this invention. A light emitting structure can be produced by coating a quartz or glass substrate with a high work function metal which has a nonconjugated conductive polymer film on the metal and a low work function metal deposited on the nonconjugated polymer. The electrical conductivity of nonconjugated polymers can be greatly increased by doping the polymer with a dopant. The mechanical and elastomeric properties of a nonconjugated polymer can be changed by doping the polymer. The electro-optic effect and the refractive index of a nonconjugated conductive polymer can be greatly changed by doping the polymer. Among the nonconjugated polymers are styrene-butadiene-rubber (SBR), poly(β-pinene) and cis-1-4 polyisoprene. The enhancement of the nonlinear optical effect is due to the special charge-transfer complex structure and formation of nano-optical domains. Among the doping materials are electron acceptors such as iodine and antimony pentachloride. A heated mixture of iodine and sulfur produces a faster rate of vulcanization of rubber than using sulfur alone. A method of controlling insect breeding is provided which involves exposing the insects to tires that have been vulcanized using iodine.