Interest-based connections in peer-to-peer networks

Abstract

Peers (p) monitor responses received from other peers (s, q) to requests for information and rate the responding peers on their ability to provide information of interest. When a responding peer (s) is discovered to frequently provide good results, the requesting peer (p) attempts to move closer to the responding peer (s) by creating a direct connection (p-s) with that peer and thereby promote the 'good' peer to an 'immediate' peer. If such a promotion would result in too many direct connections, the least important immediate peer is demoted to an “indirect” peer. The criteria (Imp) used for evaluating the relative importance of at least the immediate peers is preferably a time weighted average (Imp*(t)=α·Imp(t)+β·Imp*(t−1)) that also measures consistency and reliability and preferably includes factors not only representative of the peer's ability to provide requested information (Hits), but also of its proximity to the source of that information (1/Hops) so that it can prove that information efficiently. This leads to clusters of peers with similar interests, and in turn reduces the depth of searches typically required to achieve good results.