Compact, lightweight high-performance lift thruster incorporating swirl-augmented oxidizer/fuel injection, mixing and combustion

Abstract

An apparatus for providing propulsive power that utilizes a novel swirl generator for rapidly and efficiently atomizing, vaporizing, as necessary, and mixing a fuel into an oxidant. The swirl generator converts an oxidant flow into a turbulent, three-dimensional flowfield into which the fuel is introduced. The swirl generator effects a toroidal outer recirculation zone and a central recirculation zone, which is positioned within the outer recirculation zone. These recirculation zones are configured in a backward-flowing manner that carries heat and combustion byproducts upstream where they are employed to continuously ignite a combustible fuel/oxidizer mixture in adjacent shear layers. The swirl generator is compatible with the throttle range of conventional gas turbine engines, provides smooth combustion with no instabilities and minimum total pressure losses, enables significant reductions the in L/D ratio of the combustor and is readily packaged into various applications. Other benefits include simplicity, reliability, wide flammability limits and high combustion efficiency/thrust performance. This concept is applicable to various propulsion systems such as such as ramjet missiles, combine cycle engines, gas turbine afterburners and energy conversion devices.