Variable venturi carburetor

Abstract

A variable venturi carburetor for a combustion engine has an uprighted cup-shaped piston head which forms an integral part of a venturi within a fuel-and-air mixing passage carried by a carburetor body, and a needle that projects rigidly downward from the head into a fuel feed passage. The position of the piston head controls air flow by adjusting the air flow cross-section of the variable venturi, and the needle simultaneously controls fuel flow into the fuel-and-air mixing passage at the venturi via obstruction of the fuel feed passage. The piston head and needle move in unison by a flexible diaphragm engaged to and disposed above the head. An atmospheric chamber is defined below the diaphragm and a vacuum chamber is defined generally above the diaphragm. A vacuum passage extends through the bottom of the head communicating between the fuel-and-air mixing passage at the venturi and the vacuum chamber. As vacuum at the venturi increases, the volume of the vacuum chamber decreases and the flexing diaphragm moves the head partially out of the fuel-and-air mixing passage until a balance of forces between the vacuum draw and the resilient compression of a spring disposed within the vacuum chamber and which biases the head into the passage is reached. During cold engine starts, cold idling, and cold acceleration, a cold engine priming device sensing the temperature of the engine and delivers additional fuel into the fuel-and-air mixing passage from a fuel chamber when the engine is below a pre-set value.