Chemical sample treatment system and cassette, and methods for effecting multistep treatment processes

Abstract

This invention is directed to a cassette chemical immobilization and treatment system and method for enabling the performance of various complex chemistries with minimal human intervention, near-zero dead volume, and flow-through protocols pursuant to a predetermined instruction set encoded on a multiple-address chemical treatment cassette assembly. The cassette assembly comprises a plurality of analyte sample columns (“mini-columns”), reagent wells containeing pre-packaged reagents including powdered, micoencapsulated, liquid or lyophillized reagents, analyte loading funnels, alignment means for the analyte sample columns, and, a machine readable instruction code Bet for identifying a chemical treatment protocol. The mini-columns are improved columns having high pressure interface capability to permit direct insertion of the mini-column into high-pressure solvent line for use as a support column for HPLC analysis. A sample loader loads, analyte samples either singly or simultaneously into the multiple, adressable mini-columns without the need to load the sample funnel/column assembly into a separate reaction chamber. The chemical treatment station (CTS) of this invention reads the machine readable instruction code and performs chemistries on the analyte, including mixing solvents, reactants and buffers; detaching and shuttling the analyte back and forth (i.e., pump-up and pump-down); performing complex chemistries either on or off-column; solvation of powdered or lyophillized reagents; an d performing in-line, on-board analysis. These protocols are performed automatically pursuant to instructions contained on a bar bode, and are performed without having to remove the cassette from the CTS, without having to detach and reattach a CTS/cassette interface, or otherwise require human intervention. Differing mini-column addresses or blocks may or may not be subjected to differing protocols.