The patent badge is an abbreviated version of the USPTO patent document. The patent badge does contain a link to the full patent document.
The patent badge is an abbreviated version of the USPTO patent document. The patent badge covers the following: Patent number, Date patent was issued, Date patent was filed, Title of the patent, Applicant, Inventor, Assignee, Attorney firm, Primary examiner, Assistant examiner, CPCs, and Abstract. The patent badge does contain a link to the full patent document (in Adobe Acrobat format, aka pdf). To download or print any patent click here.
Patent No.:
Date of Patent:
Apr. 09, 2002
Filed:
Jan. 31, 2000
Applicant:
Inventors:
Michael L. Sienkowski, Warren, MI (US);
Gerald J. Cormier, Troy, MI (US);
Assignee:
Henkel Corporation, Gulph Mills, PA (US);
Attorney:
Primary Examiner:
Int. Cl.
CPC ...
C23C 2/207 ;
U.S. Cl.
CPC ...
C23C 2/207 ;
Abstract
Concentrates containing (a) an hydroxylamine sulfate accelerator, and (b) zinc, nickel, manganese, and phosphate ions are formulated into aqueous coating solutions for treating metal surfaces, such as ferrous, zinc, and aluminum surfaces. In the process of using this solution, hydroxylamine ions become depleted or reduced in concentration in the applied solution. A replenishing solution is added for reusing the solution until the replenished coating solution reaches a sulfate level of no more than 14 g/l.