Fluid fractionator

Abstract

A rotary valve at the inlets of a plurality of columns cyclically (1) selects first columns on a cyclic basis to receive compressed air, adsorb nitrogen and other components in the compressed air and pass oxygen and argon to a user (e.g. patient), second columns to desorb the adsorbed components in such columns and (3) third columns to equalize pressures where the first columns change progressively to the second columns and vice versa. A compressor having adjustable characteristics and regulated in an open or closed loop introduces the compressed air through the valve to the first columns to provide an adjustable air flow for obtaining a prescribed oxygen flow to the user. An indication may be provided when the compressor characteristics regulated for obtaining the prescribed oxygen flow rate are outside particular limits. The valve may have a variable speed related to the compressor flow variations to regulate the air pressure in the columns in accordance with the air flow rate into the columns. A variable orifice in a valve in each column outlet becomes constricted with decreases in the oxygen flow rate in each column, thereby further regulating the oxygen pressure in such column. A porous plug in a closed chamber receiving the desorbed pressurized components releases such components slowly, without pulsatile noise, to the atmosphere. The equipment accordingly produces the desired oxygen flow rate with minimal power consumption, minimal noise and optimal efficiency, reliability and life span. The equipment may be designed to pass other components than oxygen.