The patent badge is an abbreviated version of the USPTO patent document. The patent badge does contain a link to the full patent document.
The patent badge is an abbreviated version of the USPTO patent document. The patent badge covers the following: Patent number, Date patent was issued, Date patent was filed, Title of the patent, Applicant, Inventor, Assignee, Attorney firm, Primary examiner, Assistant examiner, CPCs, and Abstract. The patent badge does contain a link to the full patent document (in Adobe Acrobat format, aka pdf). To download or print any patent click here.
Patent No.:
Date of Patent:
Apr. 01, 1997
Filed:
Oct. 13, 1995
Hans-Georg Pirkl, K oln, DE;
Reinhard Schom acker, Leverkusen, DE;
Uwe Klingler, Dormagen, DE;
Thomas Schieb, R osrath, DE;
Gerhard Wiechers, Leverkusen, DE;
J urgen Zimmermann, Walnut Creek, CA (US);
Bayer Aktiengesellschaft, Leverkusen, DE;
Abstract
An aromatic compound is polynitrated in a continuous process in a single apparatus under adiabatic conditions in an emulsion as the reaction medium. From 1.3 to 3.5 mol of HNO.sub.3 per mol of aromatic compound are introduced in the form of a nitronium ion solution into the reactor with the aromatic compound under conditions such that an emulsion forms. The emulsion, which has a tendency to coalesce, is maintained by repeated dispersion. The first dispersion of the liquid streams to produce the emulsion takes place in less than one second. At least 20% of the total amount of HNO.sub.3 to be used should generally be present during this first dispersion. It is preferred, however, that the total amount of nitronium ion solution to be used be present at the time the aromatic compound and nitronium ion solution are first dispersed.