Geminal diphenyl derivatives and their use in immunoassays

Abstract

Methods are disclosed for inactivating interfering binding proteins in a immunoassay for a member of a specific binding pair (sbp). The method comprises including in an assay medium containing a sample suspected of containing an sbp member and an interfering binding protein an effective amount of a water soluble compound having two substituted or unsubstituted phenyl groups linked to a common atom. When the sbp member or its sbp partner has two phenyl groups linked to a common atom, the compound has a number of groups other than hydrogen attached to the phenyl groups and the atom that differs by at least two from the number of such groups on the sbp member. When the sbp member or its sbp partner has two phenyl groups linked to a common atom and the binding protein is not an antibody, the compound has only one group other than hydrogen attached to a phenyl group or the common atom. The methods have particular application in avoiding cross-reactivity of non-analyte materials in a sample with immunochemical reagents used in such assay. The methods have application also in disrupting complexes between an analyte to be determined and other materials so that one can accurately determine the amount of an analyte in a sample.