The patent badge is an abbreviated version of the USPTO patent document. The patent badge does contain a link to the full patent document.
The patent badge is an abbreviated version of the USPTO patent document. The patent badge covers the following: Patent number, Date patent was issued, Date patent was filed, Title of the patent, Applicant, Inventor, Assignee, Attorney firm, Primary examiner, Assistant examiner, CPCs, and Abstract. The patent badge does contain a link to the full patent document (in Adobe Acrobat format, aka pdf). To download or print any patent click here.
Patent No.:
Date of Patent:
Sep. 17, 1991
Filed:
Jun. 22, 1989
Desaraju V Varaprasad, Holland, MI (US);
Agaram S Abhiraman, Stone Mountain, GA (US);
Ernest L Lawton, Allison Park, PA (US);
PPG Industries, Inc., Pittsburgh, PA (US);
Abstract
A sol gel reaction process for forming glassy articles involves the hydrolysis of silicon alkoxides with or without additional dispersions of hydrated silicon oxides, and polymerization including crosslinking. The present process involves forming glassy articles by the sol gel reaction route utilizes coagulation promoters having fatty acid hydrophobic moieties and hydrophilic moieties of primary, secondary, tertiary amines or quaternary ammonium compounds. The coagulation promoter catalyzes either and/or both of the hydrolysis and polymerization reactions. The coagulation promoter can be the only catalyst in forming the sol or can be used in addition to acid or basic catalyst. Additionally or alternatively, the coagulation promoter is added to a coagulation fluid to which shaped hydrolyzate is added. Afterwards the gelled shape precursor is optionally consolidated to form a precursor glass shape and optionally is consolidated to form the glassy shapes of films, coatings, beads, fibers, tubes and monolithic structures.