The patent badge is an abbreviated version of the USPTO patent document. The patent badge does contain a link to the full patent document.
The patent badge is an abbreviated version of the USPTO patent document. The patent badge covers the following: Patent number, Date patent was issued, Date patent was filed, Title of the patent, Applicant, Inventor, Assignee, Attorney firm, Primary examiner, Assistant examiner, CPCs, and Abstract. The patent badge does contain a link to the full patent document (in Adobe Acrobat format, aka pdf). To download or print any patent click here.
Patent No.:
Date of Patent:
Feb. 05, 1991
Filed:
Oct. 25, 1989
Applicant:
Inventor:
Issa S Mahmoud, Austin, TX (US);
Assignee:
International Business Machines Corporation, Armonk, NY (US);
Attorney:
Primary Examiner:
Int. Cl.
CPC ...
C25D / ; C25D / ; C25D / ;
U.S. Cl.
CPC ...
204 29 ; 204 521 ;
Abstract
An acid copper plating bath and process for using with electropositive metals such as aluminum and tungsten is described, wherein the bath contains sulfuric acid, copper sulfate, in solution with urea as a levelling agent, a cationic surfactant as a wetting agent and an ester of a sulfonic acid, Beta-phenylethyltosylate as a brightening agent.