Method for predicting factual and counterfactual outcomes from observed data

Abstract

Embodiments of present disclosure provide a method, an electronic device and computer product program for predicting an operation outcome. A method of predicting an operation outcome includes determining first prediction model based on a first set of observed data. The method further includes determining a first probability model based on first set of observed objects subjected to first operation and a second set of observed objects subjected to a second operation different from first operation. The method further includes determining a second prediction model based on first set of observed data and first probability model. The method further includes determining first combination of at least the first, second prediction models, and first probability model for predicting a first final outcome of performing first operation on target object. Embodiments of present disclosure improve accuracy of individual treatment effect estimation and can be expanded to application scenarios with multiple treatment levels.