Functionalized graphene and methods of use thereof

Abstract

A graphene-based composition is disclosed comprising functionalized graphene powder produced by detonation, plasma synthesis, liquid phase exfoliation, mechanical exfoliation among other graphene production methods known in the art. The graphene powder includes oxygen-containing functional groups such as hydroxyl, epoxy, carbonyl, and carboxyl, with a carbon-to-oxygen atomic ratio ranging from approximately 1.0 to 99.0. The powder is dispersed in an organic solvent, non-organic solvent, aqueous medium, surfactant, or POSS-based medium at a solids concentration between about 2% w/v and 30% w/v. Methods of functionalizing the graphene powder and forming dispersions are provided, along with methods of making ink dispersions with polymer binders and printed or coated articles formed therefrom. The graphene formulations exhibit tunable surface chemistry, controlled defect structures as measured by Raman spectroscopy, and stable dispersion properties suitable for applications in printed electronics, conductive coatings, sensing platforms, and lightweight composites.