Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus

Abstract

The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes: a support; and a photosensitive layer, wherein a surface of the support is formed of Al and/or an Al alloy, wherein the surface of the support includes Al crystal grains having: (α) a plane at −15° or more and less than +15° with respect to a {001} orientation; (β) a plane at −15° or more and less than +15° with respect to a {101} orientation; and (γ) a plane at −15° or more and less than +15° with respect to a {111} orientation, and wherein a ratio of an area occupied by Al crystal grains each having the (γ) to a total area of the surface of the support is more than 10% and 50% or less, and a ratio of an area occupied by Al crystal grains each having the (α) or the (β) to the remaining area is 80% or more.