Storage device for performing a state shaping operation on data based on a speed characteristic of a memory cell and operation method thereof

Abstract

A storage device according to an embodiment includes a memory device configured to apply a first program voltage and a first verification voltage to a first word line and output, based on a program state of each of a plurality of memory cells connected to the first word line, a speed information representing a speed characteristic of each of the plurality of memory cells; and a memory controller configured to determine at least one memory cell to be programmed into a predetermined program state; determine, among the at least one memory cell, at least one target memory cell having a first speed characteristic based on the speed information; and perform a state-shaping operation to convert a data corresponding to the predetermined program state for the at least one target memory cell into a value corresponding to a program state different from the predetermined program state.