Methods for preparing nano-ordered carbon anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to methods for preparing carbon materials which can be used in battery electrodes. More specifically, embodiments relate to methods for preparing nano-ordered carbon products used as anode materials in metal-ion batteries, such as a sodium-ion battery. In some embodiments, a method includes fractioning an initial refinery hydrocarbon product during a fractionation process to produce a liquid refinery hydrocarbon product and a heavy refinery hydrocarbon product. The method includes exposing either or both refinery hydrocarbon products to a first functionalization agent to produce a first solid functionalized product during a first functionalization process and purifying the first solid functionalized product during a purification process. The method also includes exposing the first solid functionalized product to a second functionalization agent to produce a second solid functionalized product during a second functionalization process and carbonizing the second solid functionalized product to produce the nano-ordered carbon product during a carbonization process.