Reverse concatenation of error-correcting codes in dna data storage

Abstract

Redundancy information can be included in nucleotide symbol strings encoding underlying data. To avoid propagation of errors during the decoding process, during encoding, a constrained encoding can be performed before the redundancy information is computed. The redundancy information can be an outer encoding across multiple nucleotide symbol strings. An inner coding within nucleotide symbol strings can also be supported. Such redundancy information can be interleaved into the underlying nucleotide symbol strings to which the constrained encoding has been applied, resulting in a relaxed constraint. Insertion/deletion redundancy information can also be included in the resulting strings, and an insertion/deletion-sensitive sequence can be included to assist in recovering accurate sequences during decoding operations.