Method for web page fraud activity

Abstract

A hybrid Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and Machine Learning (ML) systems and apparatus for classification in the case of data instances with imbalanced class distribution, including a Hidden Markov Model for generating a log-likelihood score for each data instance. Implementations of the hybrid system and method detect fraudulent activity and classifies documents with accuracy that surpasses conventional classifiers. In one implementation, Hidden Markov Model (HMM) for generating a log-likelihood score based on an attribute value vector for a set of keyword features characterizing a Web page. In one implementation, the HMM generates a log-likelihood score based on an attribute value vector for page layout characterizing a document image. Resulting attribute value vectors are ranked and divided into bins grouped by log-likelihood scores within equal ranges. Various machine learning models are trained using the balanced vectors obtained by accumulating from all the bins of vectors.