Use of embedded signalling for backward-compatible scaling improvements and super-resolution signalling

Abstract

Certain examples described herein relate to methods for encoding and decoding signals. Certain examples relate to the control of signal processing operations that are performed at a decoder. These may comprise optional signal processing operations to provide an enhanced output signal. For video signals, the enhanced output signal may comprise a so-called 'super-resolution' signal, e.g. a signal with improved detail resolution as compared to a reference signal. Certain examples described herein provide signalling for enhancement operations, e.g. so-called super-resolution modes, within user data of one or more tier-based hierarchical encoding and decoding schemes. The user data may be embedded within values of an enhancement stream, e.g. replace one or more values for a predefined set of transformed coefficients, and/or within supplementary enhancement information messages. The user data may have a defined syntax including header and payload portions. The syntax may differ for different frames of data, e.g. for a video encoding, instantaneous decoding refresh picture frames may carry different information from non-instantaneous decoding refresh picture.