Microphone array apparatus for bird detection and identification

Abstract

A portable birdfinding device comprising a plurality of PDM microphone sensors (e.g. a microphone array) coupled to processing electronics that electronically filter the acoustic signals to detect sounds from birds, and to interpret the acoustic signals to identify the angle-of-arrival (e.g. azimuth and elevation) and distance from which the bird sound is coming. Additional electronic processing may provide an identification of the bird species. In some embodiments, the microphone array may have sensors spaced so that sounds from distant birds have a different time of flight to reach the different microphone sensors, while having the spacing between microphones be less than half of the wavelength for sounds made by a predetermined bird species. The microphone array may be positioned onto an object wearable by the birdwatcher, such as a hat or a jacket. In some embodiments, the electronic processing may be carried out using a smartphone.