Photopolymerization synergist

Abstract

An a photopolymerization formulation is provided as is an improved method for forming an object using the formulation. The formulation comprises a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer, oligomer or polymer; a photoinitiator; and a synergist selected from the group consisting of Formula I, Formula II and Formula III; wherein:R, R, Rand Rare independently selected from an alkene, a cyclic olefin, aryl, cyclic heteroatom containing group or acylic heteroatom containing group each of which is optionally substituted;Rand Rare independently selected from hydrogen; linear or branched alkyl of 1 to 10 carbons; aryl; —C(O)R; —NRR; or —COR;R, Rand Rare independently selected from hydrogen, saturated or unsaturated, cyclic or acyclic, optionally substituted alkyl of 1-20 carbons or optionally substituted aryl of no more than four fused aromatic rings;Rand Ror Rand Rmay be taken together in each Formula to form a saturated or unsaturated optionally substituted ring;Rand Rindependently a saturated or unsaturated, cyclic or acyclic, optionally substituted alkyl of 1-20 carbons; carboxylic acid; ketone or an ester; andRand Rare independently selected from hydrogen; saturated or unsaturated, cyclic or acyclic, optionally substituted alkyl of 1-20 carbons; optionally substituted aryl with up to five fused aromatic rings.