Electrically conductive proppant and methods for energizing and detecting same in a single wellbore

Abstract

Electrically conductive proppant and methods for energizing and detecting the electrically conductive proppant in a single wellbore are disclosed. The methods can include performing numerical simulations solving Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism for electric and/or magnetic fields to determine temporal characteristics of an optimum input wave form and a recording sensor location to be used in a wellbore that extends into a subterranean formation having a fracture that is at least partially filled with proppant and an electrically conductive material, wherein the numerical simulations are based upon an earth model determined from geophysical logs and/or geological information. The method can also include electrically energizing a casing of the wellbore, measuring three dimensional (x, y, and z) components of electric and/or magnetic field responses in the wellbore, and determining a location of the electrically conductive proppant through comparison of the electric and/or magnetic field responses to the numerical simulations.