Illumination and observation system for an ophthalmic microscope, ophthalmic microscope and microscopying method using four red reflex observation pupils

Abstract

An illumination and observation system () for an ophthalmic surgical microscope () has first, second, third and fourth observation pupils () for two observers, a coaxial illumination () in the first, third and fourth observation pupils to generate a red reflex () therein, and a main illumination () in the second observation pupil. For widely illuminating the surroundings, the main illumination has a larger illumination field than the coaxial illumination in any of the first, third and fourth observation pupils. For superior observation quality and a visible and homogenous red reflex in the second observation pupil, the main illumination overlaps at least 50% with the second observation pupil. The main illumination may be aligned within ±5° to an optical axis () of the second observation pupil and to overlap the coaxial illumination at least 50% with the first, third and fourth observation pupils.