Schott Ag

Yvonne Menke

Ulrich Peuchert

Yoshio Okano

Bernd Hoppe

Volker Hagemann

Steffen Reichel

Michael Kluge

Norbert Greulich-Hickmann

Philipp Treis

Akio Ikesue

Joseph S Hayden

Jochen Alkemper

Peter Nass

Hauke Esemann

Martin Letz

Rainer Liebald

Wolfram Beier

Jose Zimmer

Carsten Weinhold

Guenter Weidmann

Niko Schultz

Peter Blaum

Guenther Kron

Ikesue Akio

A sintered body for use as a liquid reservoir in an electronic cigarette, medication administering devices, in thermally heated evaporators for fragrant substances is provided. The sintered body is made of open-pore sintered glass and has a porosity of greater than 50 vol %. The average pore size is in a range from 1 to 450 &#x3bc;m. The glass of the sintered body has a transition temperature Tof at least 450&#xb0; C.

Open-pore sintered glasses for use in electronic cigarettes

A strongly scattering optoceramic converter material having a density of less than 97% is provided, as well as a method for producing such an optoceramic material. By appropriately choosing in particular the composition, blending method, and sintering conditions, the production method permits to produce converter materials with tailored properties.

Strongly scattering ceramic converter and method for producing same

An optical converter for producing colored or white light from blue excitation light is provided. The converter has good scattering properties to be able to produce nearly white light from the scattered blue light components and the scattered, converted yellow light components. The optical converter includes material including one or more of a YAG ceramic, a LuAG ceramic, and a magnesium-aluminum ceramic exhibiting strong scattering.

Optical converter for high luminances

A transparent, polycrystalline ceramic is described. The ceramic comprises crystallites of the formula ACBDEF, whereby A and C are selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, Ga, In, C, Si, Ge, Sn, Sc, Ti, Zn, Zr, Mo, Ru, Pd, Ag, Cd, Hf, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Hgand mixtures thereof, B and D are selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Mg, Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sn, Sc, Ti, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Ru, Rh, La, Lu, Gdand mixtures thereof, E and F are selected mainly from the group consisting of the divalent anions of S, Se and O and mixtures thereof, x, u, y, v, z and w satisfy the following formulae0.125&#x3c;()/()&#x2266;0.55=4and at least 95% by weight of the crystallites display symmetric, cubic crystal structures of the spinel type, with the proviso that when A=C=Mgand B=D=Al, E and F cannot both be O.

Spinel optoceramics

The method of making a transparent ceramic includes making a molded body from a powder mixture of starting materials, which include one or more sintering aids. The sintering aids can include SiO, TiO, ZrO, HfO, AlOand/or fluorides. The transparent ceramic is made by pre-sintering the molded body at temperatures between 500&#xb0; C. to 900&#xb0; C., subsequently sintering in vacuum at temperatures between 1400&#xb0; C. and 1900&#xb0; C. and then pressurizing the sintered molded body at a pressure of from 10 to 198 MPa followed by annealing. The optoceramic material contains crystals with a stoichiometry of ABBDE, wherein &#x2212;1.15&#x2266;x&#x2266;+1.1, 0&#x2266;y&#x2266;3, 0&#x2266;z&#x2266;1.6 and 3x+4y+5z=8; and wherein A is a trivalent rare earth cation, B is a tetravalent cation, D is a pentavalent cation and E is a divalent anion.

Method of producing transparent ceramics

The optoceramics are transparent to visible light and/or infrared radiation. The optoceramics each consist of a crystal matrix, i.e. of polycrystalline material, wherein at least 95% by weight, preferably at least 98% by weight, of the single crystallites have a cubic pyrochlore or a fluorite structure. Refractive, transmissive or diffractive optical elements made with the optoceramics, their uses and an optical imaging system comprising at least one of the optical elements are also disclosed. Methods of manufacturing the optoceramics are described.

Passive optoceramics with cubic crystal structure, process for manufacturing the same and their uses

The transparent polycrystalline optoceramic has single grains with a symmetric cubic crystal structure and at least one optically active center. The optoceramic has the following formula: ABDE, wherein 0&#x2266;x&#x2266;1.1, 0&#x2266;y&#x2266;3, 0&#x2266;z&#x2266;1.6, and 3x+4y+5z=8, and wherein A is at least one trivalent rare earth cation, B is at least one tetravalent cation, D is at least one pentavalent cation, and E is at least one divalent anion. The method of making the optoceramic includes preparing a powder mixture from starting materials, pre-sintering, sintering and then compressing to form the optoceramic. Scintillator media made from the optoceramic are also described.

Active optoceramics with cubic crystal structure, method of production of the optoceramics, and uses thereof

The method for producing at least one rotationally symmetrical lens consisting of an opto-ceramic includes the step of moulding a ceramic green body for the lens, wherein the mould has a shaping surface, which is described by the following equation B: ygives a position on an optical axis; x designates a perpendicular distance from the optical axis to the surface; k, c, and a, a, a, a, . . . are constants describing a surface of the lens to be moulded and z=|x|+b, wherein b is a constant with a value greater than 0 and less than 0.3 mm, which is a measure of a deviation of the shaping surface from the surface of the lens.

Method for producing a rotationally symmetric lens from a ceramic green body and moulding tool for performing the method

The moulding tool is a near-net-shape negative mould for shaping a ceramic green body for the lens. The mould has a shaping surface, which is described by the following equation B: y1 gives a position on an optical axis; x designates a perpendicular distance from the optical axis to the surface; k, c, and a, a, a, a, . . . are constants describing a surface of the lens to be moulded and z=|x|+b, wherein b is a constant with a value greater than 0 and less than 0.3 mm, which is a measure of a deviation of the shaping surface from the surface of the lens.

Moulding tool for moulding a ceramic green body and use of said moulding tool

The refractive, transmissive or diffractive optical elements are made from a ceramic containing one or more oxides of the type XO, which is transmissive for visible light and/or for infrared radiation and which has a cubic crystal structure analogous to that of YO. In preferred embodiments X is Y, Sc, In, or a lanthanide element, namely La to Lu, and in particular is Lu, Yb, Gd, or La. Also mixtures of oxides of the type XOwith oxides having different stoichiometries, such as HfOand/or ZrO, may be present, as long as the cubic structure of the ceramic is maintained.

Optical elements made from ceramics comprising one or more oxides of Y, Sc, in and/or lanthanide elements and mapping optics including the optical elements

The transparent polycrystalline optoceramic has single crystallites and at least 95 percent by weight of the single crystallites have a cubic pyrochlore or fluorite structure. The optoceramic is composed of an oxide of stoichiometry:ABDEwherein 0&#x3c;x&#x3c;1, 0&#x3c;y&#x3c;2, 0&#x3c;z&#x3c;1.6 and 3x+4y+5z=8; wherein A is at least one trivalent rare earth cation; B is at least one tetravalent cation; D is at least one pentavalent cation; and E comprises at least one divalent anion. Refractive, diffractive or transmissive optical elements are made with these optoceramics.

Optoceramics, optical elements manufactured thereof and their use as well as imaging optics

The opto-ceramics and optical elements of the present invention are transmissive to visible light and/or to infrared radiation. They consist of a crystal combination in which individual crystallites have a cubic structure of the type YOand are made from InOor a mixture of oxides of the type XOin which X=Y, Lu, Sc, Yb, In, Gd, or La. Also mixtures of XOwith oxides having different stoichiometries, such as zirconium and hafnium oxide, are possible, as long as the cubic structure of the opto-ceramic is maintained. The optical elements prepared from the opto-ceramics are particularly suitable for mapping optics, such as objectives having reduced chromatic aberrations, in particular with approximately apochromatic mapping behavior. The optical elements of the present invention may be used in lens systems in combination with lenses of glass, but also with other ceramic lenses.

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Mainz, Germany

Yvonne Menke