Degremont

Yves Robert Richard

Henri Pierre Gaessler

Maurice Gabriel Bonnemay

Pierre Albert Treille

Michel Marc Levart

Jean Paul Royon

Jacques Claude Moles

Vincent Dassonville

Reactor for the optimized ozonization of water intended for human consumption, in which the direct oxidizing action of the ozone is supplemented by the radical oxidizing action of the ozone, the latter being intensified by the introduction of hydrogen peroxide, characterized in that it comprises three contact tanks arranged in series: a first contact tank receiving the water to be treated and intended for the direct and rapid oxidizing action by the ozone which is introduced into the said tank and brought into contact with the liquid to be treated; a second contact tank intended to ensure the disinfection of the liquid and into which is injected the quantity of ozone necessary to maintain in the liquid to be treated the residual ozone concentration necessary for the disinfection of the water; and a third contact tank intended to ensure the radical action of the ozone, into which there is injected, besides the ozone, a quantity of hydrogen peroxide intended to increase the quantity of OH radicals available for the reaction with the pollutants to be removed by oxidation, the treated water being discharged from this third tank.

Reactor for the ozonization of water

The invention relates to a method for the measurement of the movement of colloidal particles in suspensions or solutions. The apparatus used in this method comprises an electrophoresis tank equipped with two electrodes between which an electrical field can be applied. A beam of radiation produced at the outside of the tank having a thickness of not more than 1000.mu. as viewed in the direction of the lines of force of the electrical field set up between the electrodes is directed so as to skim the electrode away from which the particles move under the effect of the electrical field. In order to determine the mobility of the particles the optical density of the liquid is measured a first time without applying the electrical field, and a second time after having applied the field during not more than 10 seconds.

Method of measuring the mobility of colloids in an electrical field

The invention relates to an improved method and apparatus for the measurement of the movement of colloidal particles in suspensions or solutions, wherein an electrophoresis tank is equipped with two electrodes and a filtering membrane positioned substantially parallel and equidistant to the electrodes. A flat beam of radiation produced at the outside of the tank having a thickness of not more than 1000 .mu. as viewed in the direction of the lines of force of the electrical field set up between the electrodes is directed so as to skim the side of the membrane from which the particles move under the effect of the electric field. With this improved arrangement the influence of secondary interfering phenomena appearing essentially when measuring the movement of colloidal particles in highly mineralized waste waters, can be eliminated.

Apparatus for the measurement of the mobility of colloids in an electric

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Marly le roi, France

Yves Robert Richard