Hitachi, Ltd.

Research Development Corporation of Japan

Other

Yamatake Corporation

Research Development Corporation

Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba

Nec Corporation

Rikagaku Kenkyusko

L. Research Development Corporation of Japan

Yutaka Harada

Ushio Kawabe

Toshikazu Nishino

Mutsuko Miyake

Eiichi Goto

Masaaki Aoki

Mikio Hirano

Nobuo Kotera

Shinichiro Yano

Nobuo Miyamoto

Kunio Yamashita

Mutsuko Hatano

Kazuo Sato

Akira Masaki

Yoshio Yamazaki

Minoru Yamada

Tetsuya Kajita

Ichiro Mitsutake

Hirotoshi Tanaka

Kouji Okuda

Atsushi Asano

Hideaki Nakane

Taka Inoue

Keiji Kanehara

Hioe Willy

The surface of a signal electrode is treated as substrate treatment. An oxide film on the surface of the signal electrode is removed by roughing. The roughened surface is used as a surface treated face. A coating of fluororesin is provided on the surface treated face for lining or thermal welding to the lining material. A signal electrode is provided in the resin lining. Since the oxide film was removed from the surface of the signal electrode for roughening, the adhesive force of the coating of the fluororesin is increased. The fluororesin coating and the resin lining melt each other, and the fluororesin coating is strongly bonded to the resin lining. The adhesion between the signal electrode and the resin lining is increased without opening a hole in the signal electrode. A method uses a primer film formed by substrate treatment on the surface of the signal electrode.

Capacitive electromagnetic flowmeter

In a constant current circuit, a constant current is caused to flow through a resistor, thereby causing a constant voltage to occur across the resistor. This constant voltage is then superimposed on an output signal of an operational amplifier that is to be fed back to the drain of a field effect transistor, thereby maintaining the same potential in an AC manner between the output terminal of the operational amplifier and the drain of the field effect transistor. In this way, the gate and drain of the field effect transistor is caused to exhibit the same potential in an AC manner, so that no current will occur through the stray capacitance between the gate and drain of the field effect transistor. As a result, similarly to a case of using a feedback capacitor, the input impedance of the field effect transistor can be raised.

There is disclosed a method of controlling a speech code of speech communications between mobile terminals via an IP network, between mobile switching centers which are interconnected through the IP network. Two mobile switching centers communicate with each other via the IP network using a field in an IP header of a packet, and determines whether coding processes used by two mobile terminals are the same as each other. If the coding processes are the same as each other, then the two mobile switching centers do not convert the coding process for a speech signal, and transmit speech signals from the mobile terminals directly carried on packets through the IP network. If the coding processes are not the same as each other, then the two mobile switching centers convert the coding process for the speech signal into a general-purpose coding process for the speech signal to be transmitted through the IP network.

Control of speech code in mobile communications system

A pair of superconducting electrodes are so formed as to interpose a semiconductor therebetween, and a control electrode is formed on the semiconductor through an insulator film so as to control the superconductive weak coupling state in the semiconductor between the superconducting electrodes. The distance between the superconducting electrodes is determined by the thickness of the superconductor interposed between the two electrodes, whereby the interelectrode distance is settled with a high precision to improve the uniformity of the device characteristic. And in an arrangement where two superconducting electrodes are formed on a semiconductor layer and the superconductive weak coupling state between such two electrodes is controlled by a third electrode, the gain is increadable by furnishing a varied impurity distribution in the semiconductor layer.

Superconducting device

Superconducting electrodes are formed on a semiconductor which serves as a channel. A control electrode is disposed through an insulator film or a p-n junction on the side of the semiconductor which is opposite to the semiconductor side on which the superconducting electrode is formed. A superconducting current flows between the superconducting electrode across the semiconductor is controlled by an electric signal which is applied to the control electrode, thereby enhancing the current gain.

A high-speed counter capable of counting the number of randomly incoming pulses is constructed by serially connecting a plurality of toggle flip-flop circuits, each of which is activated by input pulses and constructed from an rf-SQUID and the quantum flux parametron, whereby a high-speed computer or a high-speed measurement apparatus can be realised by the use of the high-speed counter.

Superconducting toggle flip-flop circuit and counter circuit

A magnetometer comprising a superconducting loop including a magnetic flux detecting coil and a SQUID (Superconducting QUantum Interference Device) connected to the superconducting loop via magnetic flux. A negative inductance generating device is provided having two terminals for generating a negative inductance defined by the value of the derivative of generalized magnetic flux between the two terminals with current flowing between the terminals (d.PHI./dI) being negative. The inductance of the superconducting loop is decreased by the negative inductance generating device and input signals intensified by the negative inductance generating device are detected by the SQUID. A plurality of the superconducting loops may be provided to construct a gradiometer and a variable negative inductance generating device is provided to the respective superconducting loop to equalize and intensify the sensitivities of the detection coils.

High sensitive and high response magnetometer by the use of low

Superconducting electrodes are formed on a semiconductor which serves as a channel. A control electrode is disposed through an insulator film or a p-n junction on the side of the semiconductor which is opposite to the semiconductor side on which the superconducting electrode is formed. A superconducting current which flows between the superconducting electrodes across the semiconductor is controlled by an electric signal which is applied to the control electrode, thereby enhancing the current gain.

In a superconducting digital to analog converter, shunt branches of a ladder resistor network are connected to corresponding Josephson devices, the states of which are switched by a digital signal. Currents following through the Josephson devices or load resistors of the Josephson devices are collected to obtain an analog signal corresponding to the digital signal.

Superconducting digital to analog converter

A pair of superconducting electrodes are so formed as to interpose a semiconductor therebetween, and a control electrode is formed on the semiconductor through an insulator film so as to control the superconductive weak coupling state in the semiconductor between the superconducting electrodes. The distance between the superconducting electrodes is determined by the thickness of the superconductor interposed between the two electrodes, whereby the interelectrode distance is settled with a high precision to improve the uniformity of the device characteristic. In an arrangement where two superconducting electrodes are formed on a semiconductor layer and the superconductive weak coupling state between such two electrodes is controlled by a third electrode, the gain is incredible by furnishing a varied impurity distribution in the semiconductor layer.

A superconducting threshold logic circuit comprises current switching circuits each having a Josephson device. Bias currents of the switching circuits are varied independently to change weights for input signals. A sum of the weighted input signals are inputted to another current switching circuit having a Josephson device in order to compare the sum with a threshold.

Superconducting threshold logic circuit

In a threshold logic circuit, digital input signals are weighted and summed up and then the sum of weighted digital signals is compared with a threshold value. The threshold logic circuit comprises a plurality of current switching circuits and means for summing up the output currents from the current switching circuit. The weights for the input signals are changed by controlling supply currents to the current switching circuits.

Threshold logic circuit

A superconducting analog to digital converter comprises a plurality of comparators, each of which includes a quantum flux parametron having a superconducting loop with two Josephson devices and exciting inductors, a first load inductor connected to the superconducting loop, and means for supplying exciting current to inductors inductively coupled with said exciting inductors and an rf-SQUID comprising a superconducting loop with a second load inductor and a Josephson device, whereby an input signal is converted to a positive or negative signal by the rf-SQUID for each unit change of the input signal by the amount of the magnetic flux quantum and then the converted signal is sampled and amplified by the quantum flux parametron.

Superconducting analog to digital converter

There is provided a quantum flux parametron-type superconducting circuit in which a path with a Josephson device is connected in parallel with exciting inductors of the quantum flux parametron or inductors of exciting line magnetically coupled with the exciting inductors, thereby constructing a phase regulator.

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Tokyo, Japan

Yutaka Harada