Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd.

Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha

Toyo Aluminium K.k.

Yuta Shimizu

Toshifumi Taira

Masahiko Katano

Shinya Sone

Kazuya Fujimoto

Yuya Yoshida

Ryo Tomii

Tatsuya Aoyama

Shuhei Enoki

Hisatoshi Kinoshita

Masashi Mehata

Kazuteru Iwamoto

Yoshihiro Taguchi

Ryota Nakashima

Tatsuya Kasahara

Atsushi Hirano

Atsuya Hidai

Nobuyuki Kawashima

Yoh Aramaki

Asami Shirai

Satoshi Shiokawa

Haruhiko Fujita

Kenichi Kumagai

Hitoshi Hayashidera

Naotsugu Masui

An engine unit, including: a plurality of cylinders respectively cooperating with a plurality of pistons; a plurality of individual exhaust pipes configured to allow exhaust gases from the plurality of cylinders to respectively flow therethrough; an exhaust manifold, including a merge portion into which the individual exhaust pipes merge, and a catalyst disposed downstream thereof; a group of pre-catalyst oxygen sensors disposed between the cylinders and the catalyst for all paths of the exhaust gases flowing into the catalyst from the plurality of cylinders; a post-catalyst oxygen sensor disposed in the exhaust manifold, downstream of the catalyst in the flow direction of the exhaust gas; and a control device configured to detect a cylinder-to-cylinder imbalance in air-fuel ratio between the plurality of cylinders, and a deterioration of the catalyst, using detection results of pre-catalyst and post-catalyst oxygen sensors without using an air-fuel ratio sensor.

Individual throttle-type or unequal interval combustion-type multi-cylinder engine unit

A catalyst deterioration diagnosis device, including: a processor to execute, when a cycle of reversal between increasing and decreasing of a fuel amount is disturbed such that the increasing/decreasing of the fuel amount is reversed three or more times in a period that is identical in length with a period in which the increasing/decreasing of the fuel amount is reversed twice when the reversal between increasing and decreasing of the fuel amount is normal, a process of diagnosing the deterioration state of a catalyst based on plural sets of data of the output signal of a downstream oxygen concentration sensor obtained in each unit period during a diagnosis period. The sets of data obtained in each unit period during the diagnosis period is not susceptible to an influence of variations including both increase and decrease of the output signal of the downstream oxygen concentration sensor.

Catalyst deterioration diagnosis device

A straddled vehicle, including: an engine, which includes a combustion chamber; a three-way catalyst, which is configured to purify exhaust gas exhausted from the combustion chamber; an upstream oxygen sensor, which is provided upstream of the three-way catalyst in a flow direction of the exhaust gas, and is configured to detect an oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas; a downstream oxygen sensor, which is provided downstream of the three-way catalyst in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, and is configured to detect the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas; and a controller, which includes a processor, and a non-transitory storage medium containing program instructions, execution of which by the processor causes the controller to execute a detachment determination process of determining whether the three-way catalyst is detached at least based on a signal input as a signal of the downstream oxygen sensor.

Straddled vehicle

In production of an electrode for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, a hydrated film is formed onto an aluminum electrode including a porous layer by immersing the aluminum electrode into a first hydration treatment liquid having a temperature of 80° C. or more in a first hydration treatment step (ST) and thereafter the aluminum electrode is heated in an atmosphere having a temperature of 150° C. or more and 350° C. or less in a dehydration step (ST). Subsequently, a hydrated film is formed onto the aluminum electrode by immersing the aluminum electrode into a second hydration treatment liquid having a temperature of 80° C. or more in a second hydration treatment step (ST) and thereafter chemical formation of the aluminum electrode is performed at 400 V or more and further 600 V or more in a chemical formation step.

Method for producing electrode for aluminum electrolytic capacitor

When manufacturing an electrode for an electrolytic capacitor, in a first hydration step (ST), an aluminum electrode is immersed in a first hydration processing solution having a temperature of at least 70&#xb0; C. and comprising pure water or an aqueous solution to which phosphoric acid or a phosphate has been added so that the phosphorus concentration is no greater than 4 mass ppm. In a second hydration step (ST), the aluminum electrode is immersed in a second hydration processing solution to which phosphoric acid or a phosphate has been added so that the phosphorus concentration is 4-5000 mass ppm, the second hydration processing solution having a pH of 3.0-9.0 and a temperature of at least 70&#xb0; C. In a chemical conversion step (ST), at least a boric acid chemical conversion process in which the aluminum electrode is chemically converted in a boric acid-based chemical conversion solution is included, and a chemical conversion coating having a coating withstand voltage of at least 200 V is formed on the aluminum electrode.

Electrode for aluminum electrolytic capacitor and method for manufacturing same

A catalyst deterioration determining device for use in a straddled vehicle having an engine, a transmission that transmits motive power of an engine, and a catalyst that cleans an exhaust gas from the engine. The catalyst deterioration determining device includes a running state acquirer that acquires a plurality of running states, a state determiner that stores a plurality of allowable conditions, each of which is a condition for determining work in regard to a degradation state of the catalyst to be executed and is based on a relationship among a plurality of gear ratios of the transmission, an intake state of the engine and a rotation speed of the engine, and determines whether the plurality of running states acquired by the running state acquirer satisfy the plurality of allowable conditions, and a determination executor that executes the determining work based on a result of the determination by the state determiner.

Catalyst degradation determining device for straddled vehicle and straddled vehicle including same

A catalyst degradation determining device for a straddled vehicle that includes an engine, a catalyst for cleaning an exhaust gas from the engine, and a throttle valve that is controllable by cruise control of the straddled vehicle to keep a traveling speed of the straddled vehicle constant. The catalyst degradation determining device includes a determiner that determines whether the cruise control is being executed, and an execution controller. The execution controller is configured to determine a degradation state of the catalyst while controlling an air-fuel mixture supplied through the throttle valve to the engine, in a case where the determiner determines that the cruise control is not being executed, and at least one running state of the straddled vehicle satisfies at least one predetermined allowable condition, and not to determine the degradation state of the catalyst in a case where the determiner determines that the cruise control is being executed.

An electrode holder and a method for producing an electrode for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor are provided that enable prevention of exfoliation of a porous layer during chemical formation even when the porous layer is formed on an aluminum electrode so as to have a thickness of 200 micrometers or greater. When an aluminum electrodehaving at least one surfaceon which a porous layerhaving a thickness of 200 micrometers or greater is formed is subjected to chemical formation in a chemical formation solution, the aluminum electrodeis held by an electrode holder. The electrode holderincludes: an insulating first support plateconfigured to overlap the one surfaceof the aluminum electrode; an insulating second support plateconfigured to overlap the other surfaceof the aluminum electrode; and a connecting partconfigured to connect the first support plateand the second support plateto each other. A portion of the first support platethat overlaps the porous layerwhile being in contact therewith is formed with a porous member

Electrode holder, and method for producing electrode for aluminum electrolytic capacitor

An electrode for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor and a method for producing the same are provided that enable improvement of water resistance of a chemical formation film having a withstand voltage of 400 V or higher. The electrode for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is produced by performing a hydration step of bringing the aluminum electrode into contact with a hydration treatment liquid having a temperature of 78&#xb0; C. to 92&#xb0; C. to form a hydrated film on the aluminum electrode and a chemical formation step of performing chemical formation at a chemical formation voltage of 400 V or higher in a chemical formation solution having a temperature of 58&#xb0; C. to 78&#xb0; C. to form the chemical formation film on the aluminum electrode. In this method, the amount of the hydrated film is made appropriate. In this electrode for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, the number of voids that are exposed on a cut surface when the chemical formation film is cut is 150 voids/&#x3bc;mor smaller, and thus the water resistance thereof is high.

Electrode for aluminium electrolytic capacitor, and production method therefor

Provided is a method for producing an electrode for an electrolytic capacitor, the method comprising: a hydration step in which an aluminum electrode is immersed in a hydration treatment solution having a temperature of 80&#xb0; C. or higher; and a chemical conversion step in which the aluminum electrode is subjected to chemical conversion treatment up to a formation voltage of at least 400 V. The hydration treatment solution contains a hydration inhibitor. The thickness of a hydrated film formed in the hydration step satisfies the following condition, 0.6&#x2264;t2/t1&#x2264;1, wherein t1 is the average thickness of the hydrated film formed in a depth range of up to 100 &#x3bc;m from the surface of the aluminum electrode, and t2 is the average thickness s of the hydrated film formed in a deep portion at least 100 &#x3bc;m from the surface of the aluminum electrode.

A method for producing an electrode for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is provided that can reduce defects in a chemical formation film formed at a chemical formation voltage of 500 V or higher. For producing the electrode for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, an aluminum electrode is brought into contact with pure water having a temperature of 70&#xb0; C. or higher to form a hydrated film having a suitable film thickness on the aluminum electrode at a hydration step, and then chemical formation is performed thereon at a chemical formation voltage of 500 V or higher in a chemical formation solution having a temperature of 40&#xb0; C. or higher at a chemical formation step. At the chemical formation step, when the relative velocity of the chemical formation solution to the aluminum electrode is represented by a three-dimensional velocity vector B&#x2212;A and the absolute value of the velocity vector B&#x2212;A is represented by |B&#x2212;A|, the absolute value |B&#x2212;A| of the velocity vector satisfies the following conditional formula.3 cm/s&#x2264;||&#x2264;100 cm/s

An aluminum electrode in which a porous layer made of a sintered layer of aluminum powder having an average particle diameter of 1 &#x3bc;m to 10 &#x3bc;m is laminated in a thickness of 150 &#x3bc;m to 3000 &#x3bc;m on a surface of an aluminum core material is produced by chemical formation to produce an anode for an electrolytic capacitor. In this process, an organic acid immersion step of immersing the aluminum electrode in an organic acid aqueous solution containing dodecanoic acid, benzoic acid, propanedioic acid, butanedioic acid, (E)-2-butenedioic acid, 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, (E)-1-propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, or the like is carried out after a pure water boiling step and before a chemical formation step. In the chemical formation step, a phosphoric acid immersion step of immersing the aluminum electrode in an aqueous solution containing phosphate ions is carried out one or more times in the course of raising a film withstand voltage to a chemical formation voltage.

A porous aluminum electrode has a porous layer formed by sintering aluminum powder on the surface of an aluminum core. The porous aluminum electrode, when subjected to a formation to a voltage of 200V or more, is boiled and then subjected to a first forming process in which formation is performed in an aqueous solution of ammonium adipate at a temperature of 80&#xb0; C. or below and a second forming process in which formation is performed in a boric acid aqueous solution. When heat depolarization is first carried out, washing with water is performed for five minutes or more before heat depolarization; therefore, the porous layer is not destroyed.

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Shizuoka, Japan

Yuta Shimizu