Hitachi, Ltd.

Konica Corporation

Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.

Konica Minolta Business Technologies, Inc.

Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba

Hewlett-packard Company

Hitachi Instrument Engineering Co., Ltd.

Yukio Okamoto

Kiyoshi Kimura

Masakazu Fukuchi

Tadashi Miwa

Seiichi Murayama

Toshiyuki Aida

Hiroshi Tokunaga

Satoshi Haneda

Takayuki Suzuki

Hiroyuki Fujita

Kunio Ito

Tokuumi Fukazawa

Kazumasa Takagi

Shizuo Morita

Noriyoshi Tarumi

Masataka Koga

Masahiko Itaya

Hiroshi Fuma

Shinji Takayama

Kunihisa Yoshino

Hiromi Yamashita

Katsuki Miyauchi

Masamichi Tsukada

Toyoharu Okumoto

Takayuki Ono

Seiichiro Hiratsuka

Makoto Tomono

Takashi Hasebe

Koji Washio

Toshiro Fujimori

Satoshi Watanabe

Isao Hashimoto

Shinichi Shinada

Jun-ichi Hamada

Makoto Yasuda

Masatoshi Kitagawa

Satoshi Shimura

Atsushi Sumioka

Eisuke Mitani

Tadao Okabe

Kenkichi Suzuki

Akihiko Tamura

Hiroshi Funabiki

Jeffrey L Trask

Konosuke Oishi

Tetsuya Niitsuma

Osamu Igarashi

Tadao Kishimoto

Akihiko Kougami

Kazuo Yasuda

Tsutomu Komoda

Toshihiko Nakazawa

Mitsuo Motohashi

Toshifumi Isobe

Masashi Mizushima

Takashi Iino

Shigekatsu Sato

Tsugio Sugizaki

Mikihiko Takada

Shiro Eguchi

Tomoyuki Hikosaka

Masayuki Kamegamori

Yoshiyuki Nitta

Satoru Gohzaki

Hidenobu Koide

Tetuya Shinden

Hisashi Ashida

Susumu Yoshizawa

Toshio Tagawa

Yuma Eto

Takahiro Tuchiya

Takahashi Iino

Tomokazu Imahori

Yoshiko Shindo

Katuo Kawachi

Kazuo Ootani

Kazuhito Ikarashi

Tadao Okabe, Deceased

Kenichi Wakamatsu

Nobuyuki Hashimoto

Satoru Gozaki

A duplexed control system comprises: two control devices, whereof one is set to operate as a reserve system and the other is set to operate as a regular system; a tracking bus that connects the two control devices to enable these to exchange tracking signals; and a control transmission channel that transmits computational information of these two control devices; wherein: the control devices respectively have: an own-system state evaluation section that transmits the result of state evaluation of its own system as a tracking signal through the tracking bus to the other system; an other-system signal confirmation section that receives the tracking signal through the tracking bus from the control device of the other system and thus performs state confirmation; and a transmission channel changeover section that, if the tracking signal cannot be received through the tracking bus, effects transmission of the tracking signal to the other-system signal confirmation section of the other system, through the control transmission channel.

Duplexed control system and control method thereof

An image forming method including the steps of a) forming a mirror image by a toner on a transparent substrate, and b) laminating the toner image carrying surface of the transparent substrate with a light reflecting material through a tacking layer or an adhering layer.

Method and apparatus for forming an image having uniform glossiness

There is described a fixing device equipped in an image forming apparatus, which employs an electro-photographic method for forming an image on a transfer material, and having a lifetime longer than conventional one. The fixing device includes a first roller having a first elastic layer formed in a cylindrical shape on an outer surface of the first roller; and a second roller having a second elastic layer formed in a cylindrical shape on an outer surface of the second roller. A hardness of the second elastic layer is higher than that of the first elastic layer, and a nip section is formed between the first elastic layer and the second elastic layer. A longitudinal length of the first elastic layer in an axial direction of the first roller is greater than that of the second elastic layer in an axial direction of the second roller.

Image fixing device

Since the first cleaning member 24g scrapes off the foreign materials adhered to the corona charging electrode, and following that, the second cleaning member 24h wipes off the scraped foreign materials, the layered foreign materials firmly adhered on the corona charging electrode 22 is removed. Accordingly, image formation in electrophotographic apparatus or the like is suitably carried out, and image quality deterioration of the recorded image is suppressed.

Corona charging apparatus

A toner concentration detecting circuit detects a toner concentration of a two-component developer composed of toner and a carrier by detecting a change of magnetic permeability of the two-component developer. The detecting circuit is used in a developing device of an image recording apparatus. The toner concentration detecting circuit includes a sensor for sensing a change of a magnetic permeability of the two-component developer, a waveform corrector, a counter connected to a control CPU and a gate signal generating circuit connected to the control CPU so that a gate signal is sent to the counter.

Image recording apparatus with toner concentration detecting circuit

Chemical reactions of superconducting raw materials with active oxygen atoms and their charged particles are accelerated by using at least oxygen plasma in the fabrication process of a superconductive body. Thereby an ionic crystal is grown in a short time, which provides stable superconducting materials of high quality such as high critical temperature and low resistivity. In another aspect, a substrate is irradiated simultaneously with streams of vapor of metal elements, of which a superconductive body is to be composed, and a stream of gas of ions generated in a plasma chamber and film growth is effected while keeping the substrate at a temperature higher than 400.degree. C. to produce a ceramic type superconductive thin film.

Method for fabricating superconducting materials and superconductive

In the analysis of a specimen gas for at least one impurity, the specimen is fed to a microwave-induced plasma and the plasma is analyzed for the impurity. The plasma is formed by gases fed to it via an inner tube and an outer tube around said inner tube. The specimen is fed in undiluted form via the inner tube and a second gas which may be a standard gas is fed via the outer tube. The specimen gas and the second gas have compositions which are the same as to at least 75% by volume, e.g. are both air. A variety of analysis processes is made available.

Method and apparatus for analysis of gases using plasma

A color image processing apparatus wherein a document image is divided into three colors and converted the color separated images into density data that correspond to a recording color by a color reproducing device. The color reproducing device has matrix coefficients for a plurality of linear maskings, a linear masking is selected out of the plurality of linear maskings by the three color separation signals, the linear masking is carried out using the masking coefficients of the selected linear masking, and the color separated images are converted into density data that correspond to the recording color.

Color image processing apparatus

A standard containing the same elements as a sample is prepared. Concentrations of the elements of the standard are known previously. When signal intensities of an element of the standard solution and the sample exceed an upper limit of a pulse counter of an element analyzing apparatus, a transmitting rate of a passage, through which ionized elements of the standard and the sample pass, is controlled to be less than the ordinal transmitting rate of the passage in synchronism to the passing time of the elements. The concentrations of the elements of the sample is calculated based on output signals of the pulse counter concerning the elements of the standard and the sample and known concentration of the standard.

High sensitive element analyzing method and apparatus of the same

A mass spectrometer for analyzing ultra trace element using plasma ion source comprising, a plasma generating means for ionizing sampling gas by generating plasma, a vaccum chamber for taking in ions of the sampling gas from a hole of the vacuum chamber, an ion lens and a mass analyzing portion, and an ion detector for detecting the ions which are passed through the ion lens and the mass analyzing portion, wherein further comprising, a moving mechanism for moving said plasma generating means according to a vacuum degree measured in the vacuum chamber so as to make the sensitivity of the mass spectrometer higher.

Mass spectrometer for analyzing ultra trace element using plasma ion

An image forming apparatus which detects deterioration of developer contained in a developing unit, and if it is the case, the toner is discharged out of the developing unit through a surface of an image carrying member. The apparatus is provided with a sensor to measure toner concentration in developer contained in the developing unit, a drive controller to control a supply amount of toner into the developing unit based on the toner concentration, a calculating unit to obtain average toner supply during a predetermined period, a detecting unit to detect the deterioration of the developer by comparing the average toner supply with a reference data stored in a memory.

Image forming apparatus having a developer deterioration detecting device

A mass spectrometer using a plasma ion source for analyzing an ultra-trace element includes a plasma generation system for generating a plasma including the composition of a sample, an ion beam formation system for extracting ions in the form of a beam from the plasma generating the ions, a mass spectrometry system for performing mass spectrometry of the ion beamn, and an ion detection system for detecting the ions subjected to the mass spectrometry, in which a lens system made up of a cylindrical first electrode, a cylindrical second electrode with a photon stopper disposed on the central axis thereof, and a cylindrical third electrode is further provided between the ion beam formation system and the mass spectrometry system. By the provision of the lens system, the ions generated in the plasma are transported more efficiently to the side of the mass spectrometry system and by the provision of the photon stopper in the above described position, it is achieved, with a simpler structure, to prevent photons from entering the ion detection system.

Mass spectrometer using plasma ion source

The invention provides an apparatus for forming a toner image on plural types of recording materials. A transfer device includes a transfer belt to bring a recording material into contact with an imaging surface of photoreceptor so that the toner image is transferred to the recording material, and a charging device for charging the recording material carried on said transfer belt before the toner image is transferred to the recording material. The type of the recording material is detected and the charging device is controlled in accordance with the type of the recording material.

Image forming apparatus

A plasma analyzer for trace element analysis has a gas supply system comprising a plurality of gas sources, an electromagnetic valve provided on a line connecting each gas source to a plasma generating space, a buffer tank provided after the electromagnetic valve on the line, and a flow regulating flowmeter provided after the buffer tank on the line. Each electromagnetic valves is controlled for on-off operation and the corresponding buffer tank suppresses the sudden change of the flow rate of the corresponding gas, so that the composition of the gas supplied to the plasma generating space changes gradually in spite of the simple on-off operation of the electromagnetic valves. Thus, the fluctuation and extinction of the plasma attributable to the sudden change of the composition of the gas supplied to the plasma generating space can be effectively prevented.

Plasma analyzer for trace element analysis

The present invention relates to a color copying apparatus which prevents toner scattering from a tip portion of a cleaner to an image area of an image carrying drum. An exposing device forms a stripe latent image in a stripe area at an upstream of the image area of an image carrying drum in a rotating direction of the image carrying drum, and a developing device stops development within the stripe area. The result is a generation of a sharp potential gap in the stripe area. The cleaner starts cleaning by touching to the stripe area, and accumulated toner on the tip of the cleaner is attracted by the sharp potential gap and is held within the stripe area. This prevents the toner from being scattered to the image area of the image carrying drum.

Residual toner cleaning apparatus for color image forming device

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Hachioji, Japan

Yukio Okamoto