Canon Kabushiki Kaisha

Yukihiro Abe

Toshiyasu Shirasuna

Kazuyoshi Akiyama

Hitoshi Murayama

Daisuke Tazawa

Hayato Ida

Miki Ueda

Kazuki Murata

Takeshi Hashimoto

Tatsuyuki Aoike

Daisuke Miura

Kazuto Hosoi

Hironori Owaki

Hirotoshi Uesugi

Jun Ohira

Kazunari Ooyama

Makoto Aoki

Harunobu Ogaki

Shinji Tsuchida

Hiroaki Niino

Nobumichi Miki

Takanori Ueno

Megumi Shino

Takashi Otsuka

Yasuo Kojima

Satoshi Kojima

Shinji Takagi

Kazushige Nakamura

Hidetoshi Hirano

Yuu Nishimura

Takashi Ohtsuka

Hirofumi Kumoi

Motoya Yamada

Junpei Kuno

Provided is a toner comprising: a toner particle containing a binder resin; and an organic silicon polymer particle on a surface of the toner particle, wherein the binder resin contains a crystalline resin, and when the toner particle is pelletized and a Young's modulus of the toner measured in a micro compression test at 25° C. is represented by TE (MPa) and when one organic silicon polymer particle is separated from the toner and a Young's modulus of the one organic silicon polymer particle measured in a micro compression test at 25° C. is represented by SiE (MPa), TE and SiE satisfies 800≤TE≤2500 and 1.5≤SiE/TE≤10.0.

Toner

A toner comprising a toner particle containing a binder resin and an inorganic fine particle, wherein the binder resin contains a crystalline resin, the crystalline resin has a first monomer unit represented by the following formula (1), the inorganic fine particle is at least one inorganic fine particle selected from the group consisting of a particle containing CaCO, a particle containing BaSO, a particle containing MgSiO(OH), and a particle containing AlSiO(OH), the inorganic fine particle is treated with a fatty acid, and a content B of the inorganic fine particle in the toner particle is 1.0 mass % or more to 15.0 mass % or less, wherein Rrepresents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and Rrepresents an alkyl group having 18 to 36 carbon atoms.

A toner comprising a toner particle comprising a binder resin, wherein the binder resin comprises a first resin and a second resin, the first resin is a crystalline resin, the second resin is an amorphous resin, in an observation of a cross section of the toner particle with a transmission electron microscope, a matrix-domain structure composed of a matrix comprising the first resin and domains comprising the second resin is present, an area ratio occupied by the matrix in a total area of the matrix and the domains is from 35 area % to 70 area %, a [hydrocarbon group index (Ge)]/[hydrocarbon group index (DIA)] after washing the toner with hexane is 1.10 or more.

Toner and method for producing toner

A toner comprising a toner particle comprising a binder resin and a release agent, wherein the binder resin comprises a first resin and a second resin; the first resin is a crystalline resin having a melting point Tp of 50° C. to 90° C.; the second resin is an amorphous resin; in a cross section of the toner particle observed by a transmission electron microscope, the cross section of the toner particle has a matrix-domain structure composed of a matrix comprising the first resin and domains comprising the second resin; an area ratio of the matrix comprising the first resin in a total area of the cross section of the toner particle is 35 to 70 area %; and where a longest direction of each of the domains is taken as a longitudinal direction, a standard deviation of an angle of the longitudinal direction of the domains is 25° or less.

Toner and method for manufacturing toner

There is provided a method for controlling an electrophotographic apparatus including forming a first measurement image by performing first halftone processing on image data, forming a second measurement image by performing second halftone processing different from the first halftone processing on the image data, measuring densities of the first measurement image and the second measurement image, calculating a density difference between each of densities of the measurement images, determining whether the density difference satisfies a predetermined reference value, and applying a surface treatment on an electrophotographic photosensitive member if the density difference does not satisfy the reference value, during a non-image formation period.

Method for controlling electrophotographic apparatus

The present invention provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member which has a substrate, a photoconductive layer and a surface layer formed from hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide in this order. The average value of the carbon content (C/(C+Si)) of the surface layer formed from the hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide is set at 0.90 or more and less than 1.00, and the average value of the hydrogen content (H/(H+C+Si)) is set at 0.40 or less; and when the average value of the ratios of the sum of a Si&#x2014;O bond and an O&#x2014;Si&#x2014;O bond in the outermost surface region that constitutes a range within a depth of 5 nm or less from the outermost surface of the surface layer is represented by a, and an average value of the silicon content (Si/(C+Si)) is represented by b, 0.015&#x2264;a*b&#x2264;0.090 holds.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member and method for producing electrophotographic photosensitive member

An average value of a hydrogen content ratio of a surface layer made of hydrogenated amorphous carbon is set to be 0.40 or less and a maximum value of an spbonding ratio in an outermost surface region of the surface layer made of the hydrogenated amorphous carbon is set to be 0.50 or less.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member and electrophotographic apparatus

A method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photosensitive member using plasma CVD includes steps of placing a cylindrical base member in a reactor which can be evacuated, the reactor having an electrode therein, so as to be spaced apart from the electrode, introducing a raw material gas for deposited film formation into the reactor, and applying an alternating voltage of a rectangular wave having a frequency in the range of 3 kHz to 300 kHz between the electrode and the cylindrical base member so that a potential at one of the electrode and the cylindrical base member with respect to a potential at the other becomes alternately positive and negative, to decompose the raw material gas, and forming a deposited film on the cylindrical base member. The magnitude of the potential difference between the electrode and the cylindrical base member is selectively controlled.

Method for manufacturing electrophotographic photosensitive member

An electrophotographic apparatus and an electrophotographic photosensitive member for use in the electrophotographic apparatus are provided. The number of intermediate layers between a photoconductive layer and a surface layer is an odd number more than 2, and the refractive index monotonically decreases from the photoconductive layer toward the surface layer. The refractive index of an odd-numbered intermediate layer is in a predetermined range of the geometrical mean of the refractive indices of the two layers adjacent to the odd-numbered intermediate layer, and the product of the refractive index and the thickness is in a specific range of an odd multiple of &#x3bb;/4n. The sum of the products of the refractive indices and the thicknesses of one or more intermediate layers disposed between at least two odd-numbered intermediate layers is in a range of &#x2212;&#x3c0;/2&#x3c;&#x3b8;&#x3c;&#x3c0;/2 in the terms of phases.

Electrophotographic apparatus and electrophotographic photosensitive member

An electrophotographic photosensitive member having excellent electrophotographic properties while being prevented from the generation of blade turn-up, a method of manufacturing the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus each having the electrophotographic photosensitive member are provided. The surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a polymer having a specific repeating structural unit.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member, method of manufacturing electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus

In an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a support, a conductive layer formed on the support, an intermediate layer formed on the conductive layer, and a photosensitive layer formed on the intermediate layer, the conductive layer has been formed by using a conductive layer coating fluid which contains TiOparticles coated with oxygen deficient SnOhaving an average particle diameter of from 0.20 &#x3bc;m or more to 0.60 &#x3bc;m or less, and has a volume resistivity of from more than 8.0&#xd7;10&#x3a9;cm to 1.0&#xd7;10&#x3a9;cm or less. The electrophotographic photosensitive member can keep charging lines from occurring.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus, and process for producing electrophotographic photosensitive member

In a plasma treatment method of and apparatus for treating the surface of a treatment target substrate by utilizing glow discharge produced by supplying high-frequency power into an inside-evacuated reactor through a high-frequency power supply means, a plurality of impedance regulation means for regulating impedances on the side of the reactor and on the side of the high-frequency power supply means are provided correspondingly to the impedances of a plurality of reactors, and the high-frequency power is supplied into the reactors via the impedance regulation means corresponding to the reactors. Plasma treatment can be made in a good efficiency and a low cost on a plurality of reactors having different impedances.

Plasma treatment method

A vacuum processing method including placing an article to be processed in a reaction container and simultaneously supplying at least two high-frequency powers having different frequencies to the same high-frequency electrode to generate plasma in the reaction container by the high-frequency powers introduced into the reaction container from the high-frequency electrode. The frequencies and power values of the at least two high-frequency powers supplied satisfy a required relationship.

Vacuum processing apparatus in which high frequency powers having mutually different frequencies are used to generate plasma for processing an article

A vacuum processing method that includes placing an article to be processed in a reaction container and simultaneously supplying at least two high-frequency powers having mutually different frequencies to at least one high-frequency electrode to generate plasma in the reaction container by the high-frequency powers introduced into the reaction container from the high-frequency electrode(s), thereby processing the article. The frequencies and power values of the at least two high-frequency powers supplied satisfy required relationships.

Vacuum processing method and semiconductor device manufacturing method in which high-frequency powers having mutually different frequencies are applied to at least one electrode

Growing community of inventors

Mishima, Japan

Yukihiro Abe