Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho

K.k. Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho

Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha

Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha

Yujiro Oshima

Taro Aoyama

Hideaki Muraki

Koji Yokota

Masatoshi Yamada

Kazuo Kawahara

Katsushi Abe

Kiyokazu Asai

Masayuki Fukui

Masaharu Sumiyoshi

Masaaki Noguchi

Hiroharu Tokoro

Kiyoshi Nakanishi

Hideyuki Suzuki

Souichi Matsushita

Katsuhiko Hattori

Yoshiyasu Fujitani

Akinori Saito

Shiroh Kondoh

Akihiro Takeuchi

Motonobu Akaki

Naoki Minamoto

Kiyokazu Sunami

Yutaka Yokoi

Akira Yamaguro

Katsuhiko Sugiyama

Nobuyuki Mori

Kazuhiro Kozuka

Kouji Yokota

Shigeo Suzuki

Junichi Mizuta

Masao Kataoka

Takashi Noda

Shigenori Haramura

Takatoshi Banno

An apparatus for efficiently purifying NOx in the exhaust gas or soluble organic substance in the exhaust gas from a diesel engine. A plurality of purification units are arranged in a housing, each of which is composed of a catalytic layer for reducing NOx and a cooling core for cooling the exhaust gas admitted through the catalytic layer. The multi-staged purification units are so constructed to admit the exhaust gas to flow therethrough. The catalytic layer in the form of a porous carrier such as a honeycomb structure carries catalytic components. Upon purifying soluble organic substance in the exhaust gas from a diesel engine, the catalytic components carried on the catalytic layer serve to efficiently purify such substance, as well as inhibiting the reaction to form sulfate.

Catalytic converter for purifying exhaust gas

An apparatus for decreasing nitrogen oxides in a combustion device of Stirling engine which performs continuous combustion includes a combustion chamber, means for supplying the combustion chamber with fuel and air, an exhaust passageway for discharging exhaust gas produced by combustion in the combustion chamber, a catalytic unit arranged in the exhaust passageway for purging toxic components contained in the exhaust gas discharged, and hydrogen supply means for supplying hydrogen gas to the exhaust gas which enters the catalytic unit. The hydrogen gas is supplied to the combustion exhaust gas which has entered the catalytic unit, and the combustion exhaust gas is then catalytically reduced in an environment of a comparatively low temperatures of less than 250.degree. C., whereby the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas are decreased.

Method of decreasing nitrogen oxides in combustion device which performs

A lean NOx reduction catalyst capable of reducing NOx through reaction of H.sub.2 with NOx at low temperatures below 350.degree. C. is installed in a downstream portion of an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine in or near a muffler. Such an NOx reduction catalyst comprises, for example, Pt/zeolite catalyst. An H.sub.2 generator is installed so as to supply the H.sub.2 to an inlet side of the NOx reduction catalyst. The H.sub.2 generator may include a reforming catalyst for reforming methanol, LPG, or natural gas to generate H.sub.2. The generated H.sub.2 flows to the NOx reduction catalyst where it reacts with NOx to purify the exhaust gas.

NOx decreasing apparatus for an internal combustion engine

A hydrogen generator includes a water tank adapted to form a water chamber, and a water electrolysis cell disposed in the water tank. The water electrolysis cell includes a proton conductive membrane, an oxygen generator chamber side separator adapted to form an oxygen generator chamber, and a hydrogen generator chamber side separator adapted to form a hydrogen generator chamber, and a hydrogen outlet passage adapted to discharge generated hydrogen out of the hydrogen generator chamber. The oxygen generator chamber side separator includes a communicator passage adapted to communicate the oxygen generator chamber with the water chamber. The hydrogen generator obviates the manifolds of the conventional hydrogen generators in which the generated oxygen is likely to stagnate and hinder the water supply, and accordingly it can inhibit the hydrogen gas generating capability from deteriorating.

Hydrogen generator

Hydrogen gas from a hydrogen generator which creates hydrogen gas by the electrolysis of water or water vapor is supplied at the entrance to a catalyzer provided in an exhaust line. The catalyzer performs a catalytic reaction between hydrogen gas and nitrogen oxides to achieve decomposition into nitrogen gas and water vapor in the exhaust from an internal combustion engine. The nitrogen oxides are directly reduced with said hydrogen gas in a low temperature atmosphere not higher than 350.degree. C. to achieve efficient reduction in the nitrogen oxides. The improved method and apparatus provide a catalytic system with which the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust from a lean burnt engine or a diesel engine can be effectively reduced irrespective of the concentration of oxygen gas in the exhaust without impairing the good fuel economy of those engines.

Method and apparatus for reducing nitrogen oxides from internal

An intermittent type swirl injection nozzle providing substantially improved spray characteristics while being easy to manufacture and install. The nozzle includes a nozzle body and a needle valve slidably disposed in a guide hole of the nozzle body with a spray hole communicating a body seat formed inside the nozzle body and the forward end of the needle valve. A swirl passage is provided around the needle valve for giving a swirl flow influence around the axis of the needle valve to fuel when the needle valve is lifted from the body seat. A straight passage is provided in a portion where the inner wall of the guide hole and the needle valve make sliding contact for giving the fuel a straight flow influence in the axial direction of the needle valve. The two flows are joined prior to passing through the spray hole.

Intermittent type swirl injection nozzle

In an intermittent type swirl injection nozzle including a nozzle body having a through hole and a spray hole, a needle valve inserted into the through hole, and a partition member of a cylindrical shape fittedly and fixedly inserted into the through hole, a gap area between the needle valve and the partition member is increased in accordance with the lift of the needle valve. For this purpose, a tapered portion and a top end face are provided on the partition member in a manner that they contact with a tapered portion and a step portion provided on the needle valve when the needle valve is in a position to close the spray hole. The resultant injection nozzle has a variable injection rate and spray angle.

A direct injection type internal combustion engine has a piston reciprocatably fitted in the bore of a cylinder block defining a combustion chamber together with the cylinder block and a cylinder head. A main recess is formed in the combustion chamber for accelerating the swirl of intake air which is prepared and introduced by an intake device. At least one auxiliary recess is formed in the main recess and is arranged in the direction of the intake air swirl and in the direction of the fuel injection of a fuel injector for generating a secondary swirl different from the intake air swirl and for generating turbulence between the two swirls. Thus, the introduction of air into the fuel droplets fed from the fuel injector is promoted by the intake air swirl and the secondary swirl so that the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine is improved.

Direct injection type internal combustion engine

A direct injection internal combustion engine of a compression ignition type in which portions of an injected fuel spray which have not been evaporated are prevented from striking the walls of the combustion chamber, and the fuel spray is prevented from catching up the air around it when moving in the combustion chamber, thereby providing an engine having reduced combustion noise, reduced amount of smoke and noxious emissions, and improved fuel economy. A combustion chamber is formed in the piston substantially in the form of a spherical cavity gradually narrowing towards the opening of the cavity at the top surface of the piston. An air intake mechanism swirls intake air supplied to the combustion chamber. A swirl injector injects a fuel spray substantially in the form of a hollow cone having a velocity component in a direction tangential of the central axis of the nozzle. The nozzle is offset from the central axis of the cavity and inclined with respect to the central axis of the cavity so that the fuel spray is injected in a forward direction of a swirl stream of intake air in the cavity.

Direct injection internal combustion engine of compression ignition type

Disclosed are a turbulence generating method for an internal combustion engine and an internal combustion engine for carrying out that method. Main and auxiliary recesses communicating with each other are formed by at least two projections in the combustion chamber of a reciprocating internal combustion engine, which is defined by a piston, a cylinder head and a cylinder block. A swirling mechanism for swirling the intake air is disposed in an intake mechanism for supplying the intake air into the combustion chamber. A swirl of intake air is generated in the main recess by the swirling mechanism and is accelerated and introduced into the main recess as the piston rises. A turbulent layer is formed while the swirl is converted occasionally into turbulences by the projections. Secondary swirls other than the main swirl are generated in the auxiliary recesses. Turbulences are further generated between the swirl and the secondary swirls thereby to improve combustion efficiency.

Turbulence generating method and internal combustion engine for carrying

A direct injection internal combustion engine of compression ignition type is provided with a piston cavity offset from the piston center and with an injection nozzle which injects a hollow conical fuel spray having a tangential velocity component and relatively weak penetration into a swirl set up in the combustion chamber. The injection geometry and the offset are such that squish and swirl flows interact to form an excellent air-fuel mixture over the whole volume of the cavity without forming local fuel concentrations or wetting the cavity wall.

A direct injection internal combustion engine of a compression ignition type uses swirl injection nozzle having relatively small penetration and relies on the combination of an intake swirl and compression squish flow as well as a substantial fuel spray angle to uniformly distribute fuel throughout the interior of a throttled combustion cavity recessed in the piston.

A method and device for detection of knocking in an internal combustion engine which can not only detect knocking but also an abnormal condition of a cooling liquid in a liquid cooled engine. The device detects the vibration or pressure fluctuations of the cooling liquid generated by both knocking and the operating of the coolant pump.

Method of and device for detection of knocking for internal combustion

A direct injection type internal combustion engine includes a centrifugal injector having its port facing a recess formed in a combustion chamber. The injector is arranged such that its axis of injection fails to intersect the central axis of the recess but extends at an inclination with respect to the same. In an embodiment typifying the invention, the following relationship is satisfied: ##EQU1## in which: D designates the maximum distance between facing sides of said recess; wherein with respect to a first transverse plane containing the location of the maximum distance D of said recess and a second plane intersecting said first transverse plane at a right angle, being parallel to the axis of sprays of the swirl injector and containing the center of the recess on the first transverse plane, .beta. designates the distance between the axis of sprays of said swirl injector and a second plane intersecting, at a right angle, a first transverse plane containing the location of the maximum distance D of said recess, said second plane being parallel to the axis of sprays of said swirl injector and containing the center of said recess on said first transverse plane; .theta. designates the angle contained between the axis of sprays of said swirl injector and the first transverse plane; and .theta..sub.s designates the angle of sprays of said swirl injector during fuel injection. The practice of the invention prevents the wall surface of the combustion chamber from being wetted with fuel, thereby improving the combustion phenomena and reducing the specific consumption.

A knocking detecting device for an internal combustion engine including: a casing in the form of an annular member fastened substantially perpendicularly to an outer sidewall of the engine block; a support member made of a vibration-isolating material such as rubber or synthetic resin, and having one end fastened to the casing and the other end projecting a predetermined distance from the outer sidewall of the engine block to a position within a water chamber or a coolant water passage; a pressure-sensitive member including pressure-sensitive surfaces mounted on the projecting end of the support member, facing away from each other and extending perpendicularly to the outer sidewall of the engine block, for detecting as a change in an electrical signal pressure vibrations transmitted as a knocking sound to the pressure-sensitive surfaces through coolant water from the partition when knocking is produced in the combustion chamber; and lead wires for delivering the electrical signal change responsive to the knocking. This device enables effective detection of only the knocking produced in the combustion chamber as the pressure vibrations in the coolant water.

Growing community of inventors

Nagoya, Japan

Yujiro Oshima