Nec Corporation

Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha

Ebara Corporation

Hitachi Software Engineering Company, Ltd.

Yuji Tsukamoto

Masafumi Nakada

Atsushi Kamijo

Hisanao Tsuge

Hisao Matsutera

Ken Ajiki

Nobuyuki Ishiwata

Ishiwata Nobuyuki

Toshihiro Tanaka

Takashi Fukuchi

Yutaka Usuda

Jun Namiki

Kazumasa Kamachi

Yasuhiro Honma

Ichirou Takeuchi

Yoshikazu Shinkai

An object of the present invention is to provide a process for a high-performance upflow anaerobic sludge treatment (methane fermentation treatment) targeting an organic wastewater containing an inorganic sulfur compound and an apparatus therefor. The invention relates to a process for methane fermentation treatment of an organic wastewater containing a sulfur compound, which includes: detecting a concentration of hydrogen sulfide in a biogas generated from a step of methane fermentation treatment; and, conducting a control of subjecting the organic wastewater to a desulfurization treatment operation in the case that the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the biogas exceeds a predetermined value, and to an apparatus therefor. It is preferred that the predetermined value of the concentration of hydrogen sulfide is from 1 to 4%, preferably from 1% to 2%, and the desulfurization treatment operation comprises adding a desulfurizing agent containing an iron ion so that a molar ratio of the iron ion to sulfur is from 0.05 to 1.

Process and apparatus for anaerobic treatment of sulfur compound-containing wastewater

Electronic board system and coordinates-inputting pen

A magneto-resistance effect (&ldquo;MR&rdquo;) type composite head includes a reproduction head with an MR element arranged between a first and a second magnetic shield; and a recording head arranged adjacent to the reproduction head so as to use the second magnetic shield as a first magnetic pole film and having a second magnetic pole film opposing to the first magnetic pole via a magnetic gap; the MR element includes a center region including a ferromagnetic tunnel junction magneto-resistance effect film having a first ferromagnetic layer and a second ferromagnetic layer for generating a magneto-resistance effect using the first and the second magnetic shields as electrodes so that a current flows in an almost vertical direction between the first and the second magnetic shields; a tunnel barrier layer provided between the first and the second ferromagnetic layer; and an end region arranged to sandwich the center region from both sides for /applying a bias magnetic field to the center region.

Magneto-resistance effect type composite head and production method thereof

The present invention provides a magnetic tunnel junction device for an external magnetic field sensor. The device comprises a stack of multi-layers, which include a first antiferromagnetic pinning layer, a ferromagnetic free layer, a tunneling barrier layer, a ferromagnetic pinned layer, and a second antiferromagnetic pinning layer. The first pinning layer has a first pinning field, which pins a magnetization of the free layer in a track width direction. The second pinning layer has a second pinning field, which pins a magnetization of the pinned layer in a direction in the plane of the stacked layers of the magnetic tunnel junction, along the applied external magnetic field direction.

Magnetic tunnel junction elements and their fabrication method

The present invention provides a magneto-resistance effect (hereinafter, referred to as MR) type composite head. The head includes a reproduction head including an MR element arranged between a first and a second magnetic shield; and a recording head arranged next to the reproduction head so as to use the second magnetic shield as a first magnetic pole film and having a second magnetic pole film opposing to the first magnetic pole via a magnetic gap; the MR element including: a center region including a ferromagnetic tunnel junction magneto-resistance effect film (hereinafter, referred to as a TMR film) having: a first ferromagnetic layer and a second ferromagnetic layer for generating a magneto-resistance effect using the first and the second magnetic shields as electrodes so that a current flows in a an almost vertical direction between the first and the second magnetic shields; and a tunnel barrier layer provided between the first and the second ferromagnetic layer; and an end region arranged to sandwich the center region from both sides for applying a bias magnetic field to the center region.

It is an object of the present invention to improve reliability to a dust or the like of a magnetic disk device. The magnetic disk device of the present invention comprises a magnetic disk,a levitation type magnetic head slider,and a controller,for controlling an operation of the magnetic head slider,and the controller,The controller,moves the magnetic head slider,to a CSS (Contact Start Stop) region of the magnetic disk,at a predetermined time interval and performs a CSS operation at least once.

Magnetic disk device using a contact start stop system

It is an object of the present invention to improve reliability to a dust or the like of a magnetic disk device. The magnetic disk device of the present invention comprises a magnetic disk,, a levitation type magnetic head slider,and a controller,for controlling an operation of the magnetic head slider,and the controller,. The controller,moves the magnetic head slider,to a CSS (Contact Start Stop) region of the magnetic disk,at a predetermined time interval and performs a CSS operation at least once.

There is provided a method of fabricating a ferromagnetic tunnel junction device, including the steps of (a) forming a first ferromagnetic layer on a substrate, (b) forming a tunnel barrier layer on the first ferromagnetic layer, (c) forming a second ferromagnetic layer on the tunnel barrier layer, (d) mechanically polishing end surfaces of the first ferromagnetic layer, the tunnel barrier layer, and the second ferromagnetic layer, and (e) etching the surfaces of the first ferromagnetic layer, the tunnel barrier layer, and the second ferromagnetic layer. The method provides a ferromagnetic tunnel junction device having a height defined with high accuracy, and including a tunnel barrier layer keeping first and second ferromagnetic layers in electrical isolation with each other.

Method of fabricating ferromagnetic tunnel junction device

A magnetic head slider has a protective film which forms, at a portion of an air bearing surface nearer to the air incoming side from the center, a hill-shaped crown of a desired height sufficient in terms of the mechanical durability of the protective film by a variation of the film thickness of the protective film and which is flat with a film thickness of 10 nm or less on the air outgoing side at which a magnetic head element is provided. This protective film may be a diamond-like carbon film (DLC) or a single layer structure of polycrystalline Si or else a layered structure of a combination of them.

Method of producing magnetic head slider of the flying type having a

A function of a switch apparatus is realized as an adapter. Signaling data which cannot be processed in the adapter, is output to a mainframe bus of a computer through an AAL controller, a RAM, and a bus controller. The computer processes the signaling data and sends it to a switch adapter through the mainframe bus. The signaling data is input to an 8.times.8 switch through the bus controller, the RAM, the AAL controller. Usual user information is switched by a PHY unit, a TC/ATM controller, an address converter, and the 8.times.8 switch. By connecting the switch adapter to the computer, it is possible for the computer to operate as a switch apparatus without damaging its function.

Switching adapter and method for a computer system

The magnetic head disclosed has a slider which comprises a running surface where contact-sliding with respect to a magnetic recording medium occurs, and a polycrystalline silicon film which is provided on at least a portion of said running surface. The polycrystalline silicon film has a thickness of 3 to 10 nm. The running surface is formed of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.TiC ceramic or silicon. This arrangement is effective in preventing an attraction phenomenon between the head and medium, reducing a frictional coefficient and suppressing damage to the medium.

Magnetic head with polycrystalline silicon layer on slide running surface

A magnetic disk has a magnetic medium or a protection film, and a solid lubrication film formed on the medium or the protection film and consisting of a fullerene C60, C 70 or C84 and an alkyl or allyl-chained fullerene. The lubrication film provides the disk with high mechanical durability and high linear recording density.

Magnetic recording medium comprising a solid lubrication layer of

An apparatus for measuring the adhesion force of a thin film deposited on a substrate of a specimen. The apparatus comprises an inclining mechanism for mounting a sample dish with a specimen inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the sample dish, an indentor disposed above the specimen for deforming the specimen by indentation, a driver for driving the indentor perpendicular to the sample dish, a load transducer for measuring a load applied to the specimen by the indentor, a sensor for sensing propagation of a crack produced in the specimen by the load, a displacement gage interlocked with the driver for measuring a penetration depth of the indentor, and a measuring mechanism for measuring the adhesion force of the thin film to the substrate.

Apparatus for measuring an adhesion force of a thin film

In a magnetic recording medium such as a magnetic disk, a protective coating excellent in both mechanical durability and corrosion resistance is provided on a layer of a magnetic recording material, which may be a metal film, by jointly using graphite fluoride and an inorganic nonmetallic hard compound which can be selected from oxides such as SiO.sub.2 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, nitrides such as SiN and AlN and carbides such as SiC and WC. The protective coating may be either a single layer of a mixture of graphite fluoride and a hard compound formed by co-sputter deposition or a two-layer coating made up of an inner layer of a hard compound and an outer layer of sputter deposited graphite fluoride.

Magnetic recording medium with protective layer using graphite fluoride

Herein is disclosed a magnetic recording member having a high mechanical durability and an improved resistance to wear. The magnetic recording member comprises a substrate, a magnetic layer formed on the surface of the substrate and a first non-magnetic layer of a metal having a low melting point, preferably lower than 400.degree. C. and formed on the magnetic layer, at least the surface of the first non-magnetic layer being oxidized. The magnetic recording member may further contain a lubricant layer. The surface of the magnetic recording member of the invention presents a roughness lower than 25 nm and includes fine protrusions having a linear density higher than 1.times.10.sup.3 /mm. The process for the preparation of the magnetic recording member is also disclosed.

Growing community of inventors

Tokyo, Japan

Yuji Tsukamoto