Canon Kabushiki Kaisha

Yuji Nishigaki

Shunichi Ishihara

Naoto Kawamura

Nobuko Kitahara

Nobuo Kitajima

Takao Yonehara

Kenji Yamagata

Masanao Kasai

Kazumi Okano

Yoshihiro Ishida

Tadaji Fukuda

Takashi Kitamura

Yoshinobu Mita

Hidefumi Ohsawa

Shinichi Ohta

Katsuhito Dei

Hirokuni Kawashima

A crystal article comprises a substrate having an insulating amorphous surface and monocrystal formed on the substrate. The monocrystal is formed by providing a primary seed in the form of a film with an area 100 .mu.m.sup.2 or less arranged in a desired pattern on the surface of the substrate acting as a non-nucleation surface with a small nucleation density, then subjecting the primary seed to thermal treatment to convert it to a monocrystalline seed, and subsequently subjecting the monocrystalline seed to crystal growth treatment to allow a monocrystal to grow beyond the monocrystalline seed and cover the non-nucleation surface.

Crystal article, method for producing the same and semiconductor device

A method for growth of a crystal wherein a monocrystalline seed is arranged on a substrate and a monocrystal is permitted to grow with the seed as the originating point, comprises the step of:

Method for growth of crystal

There are image processing method and apparatus for use in digital copying apparatuses, facsimile apparatuses, etc. which handle an image signal. This apparatus comprises an edge detector to detect the edge portion of the image signal, a smoothing circuit to smooth the image signal, an edge emphasizer to emphasize the edge of the image signal, and a mixer to mix the output of the smoothing circuit and the output of the edge emphasizer. A mixture ratio of the output of the smoothing circuit and the output of the edge emphasizer is varied in response to the output of the edge detector. The edge detection of the edge detector is performed due to the linear differentiation. With this apparatus, the moire in the case of a mesh original image is removed and the characters and line drawings can be reproduced with a high degree of fidelity.

Image processing method and apparatus

An image processing apparatus utilizes plural image signals, generated with mutually different characteristics, such as screen angle, to modulate plural light beams in order to obtain different colors. Each of the plural image signals is pulse-with modulated respectively with different analog pattern signals to generate the respective plural pulse-with modulated signals in order to modulate the light beam. The analog pattern signals are generated in synchromism with a synchronizing signal associated with the recording beam so as to have, for example, mutually different phases to obtain the mutually different screen angles in the reproduced image formed by the modulated beam. Accordingly, unpleasant moire effects in the reproduced image may be avoided.

Image processing apparatus for gradation processing of an image signal

An image processing apparatus of this invention includes a digital data output device for outputting bi-level image data, a bi-level processor for converting the bi-level image data into multi-level (e.g., 8-bit) image data, a multi-level processor for performing spatial filter processing with respect to the multi-level image data output from the bi-level processor, and a PWM circuit for processing the multi-level image data output from the multi-level processor using a pattern signal of a predetermined cycle and generating a PWM signal.

Image processing apparatus which converts m-bit image data to n-bit

An image processing apparatus comprising an image memory for holding image data in the form of a compressed and encoded image data block of a plurality pixels. It also includes a decoder for decoding the encoded data, a device for performing a one-dimensional transformation on the decoded data, and a compressor for encoding the performed result again.

A color image sensor has a plurality of sensor parts aligned in line and the sensor parts are a plurality of sensor chips with filters of a plurality of colors and arranged in line. In this sensor, one of the sensor parts which corresponds to one of the plurality of colors and which influences resolution only to a small extent is omitted at a junction between adjacent ones of the sensor chips. Alternatively, in this sensor, sensor parts with a plurality of filters having a relatively high transmittance, among the filters of the plurality of colors, are alternately arranged to constitute a first sensor row, and sensor parts with filters having a relatively low transmittance are arranged in line to constitute a second row. The second row is parallel to the first row. Each sensor part constituting the second row is larger than that constituting first row.

Color image sensor including a plurality of photocells and a plurality

A recorder has a beam generator for generating a beam to form a dot image on a record medium. The beam generator has first and second beam generation sources to generate first and second beams and forms each dot by using both of the first and second beams.

Dual beam recorder

An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a photosensitive layer having a laminated structure of charge generation and charge transport layers on a conductive substrate is characterized in that the charge generation layer contains a copper phthalocyanine pigment and the charge transport layer contains a hydrazone compound and a binder. A process for forming electrostatic latent images comprises the steps of (1) giving electric charge to the face of an electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a photosensitive layer having a laminated structure on a conductive substrate, said laminated structure consisting of a charge generation layer containing copper phthalocyanine and a charge transport layer containing a hydrazone compound and a binder and (2) scanning the charged face with a laser beam. An image-forming process comprises the steps of (1) giving electric charge to the face of an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer of a laminated structure on a conductive substrate, said laminated structure consisting of a charge generation layer containing copper phthalocyanine and a charge transport layer containing a hydrazone compound and a binder, (2) scanning the charged face with a laser beam, and (3) developing the resulting electrostatic latent image with a developer. A process for preparing an electrophotographic photosensitive member, comprises the steps of (1) applying a dispersion of copper phthalocyanine in a resin solution onto an aluminum cylinder by dip coating to form a charge generation layer and (2) applying a hydrazone compound dissolved in a resin solution onto the previously formed charge generation layer by dip coating to form a charge transport layer thereupon.

Multilayer electrophotographic photosensitive member

This invention is a process for forming film of amorphous material on a support. The amorphous material comprises at least either of hydrogen atom or halogen atom and at least either of silicon atom or germanium atom as a matrix. The film is formed by utilizing a discharge of direct current or low frequency alternating current and, particularly, is radiated with an electromagnetic wave which sensitizes the said amorphous material.

Process for forming deposition film

A color electrophotographic process comprises applying voltage between a non-transparent electrode and a color filter electrode of an electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising isolated conductive members forming picture elements, a photoconductive layer, non-transparent electrodes and color filter electrodes, conducting imagewise exposure from the side where color filter electrodes are arranged, resulting in formation of a difference in distribution voltage between the area wherein light passes through the color filter electrode and the area wherein light does not pass through the color filter electrode with regard to the voltage distribution between the non-transparent electrode and the isolated conductive member and between the color filter electrode and the isolated conductive member, thereby forming a voltage image depending upon the change of the voltage of the isolated conductive member caused corresponding to a difference in distribution voltage, and developing said voltage image with a color toner corresponding to a color light passing through the color filter electrode. Further there is disclosed an electrophotographic photosensitive member for a color electrophotographic process as mentioned above.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member and color electrophotographic

The electrophotographic photosensitive member has a photoconductive layer containing photoconductive particles each of which has a water insoluble compound of a metal element of Group VIII of the Periodic Table deposited on the surface.

Surface doped inorganic electrophotographic photosensitive particles in

An electrophotographic photosensitive member for forming a potential image utilizing the difference in voltage distribution resulting from the change in resistance of a photoconductive layer. The photosensitive member is featured in forming a high-contrast potential image by the use of amorphous silicon for the photoconductive layer.

Photosensitive member for electrophotography composed of a

Disclosed is an electrophotographic process comprises applying voltage between a transparent electrode and an opaque electrode of a photosensitive member comprising isolated electrically conductive members forming image elements, a photoconductive layer, transparent electrodes and opaque electrodes, imagewise exposing the side opposite the side where the isolated electrically conductive members are arranged, resulting in formation of voltage differences between the area where light passes through a transparent electrode and the area where light does not pass through the transparent electrode, said distribution voltage being a voltage between the transparent electrode and the isolated electrically conductive electrode and a voltage between the opaque electrode and the isolated electrically conductive electrode, thereby forming a voltage image depending upon the change of voltage of the isolated electrically conductive member produced corresponding to the difference in the distribution voltage, and scanning the electrophotographic photosensitive member within the area where imagewise exposure is carried out, or moving an image receiving member and an optical image projected on the electrophotographic photosensitive member in the relatively opposite direction, simultaneously with attaching a developer to the image receiving member based on an electric field produced by the voltage image. In foregoing process, the imagewise exposure is carried out through a color filter, a color developer corresponding to the color light which passes through the transparent electrode is attached to the image receiving member based on an electric field produced by the voltage image. Said color filter comprises a red filter, a green filter, and a blue filter. Each of said color filters and each of said electrophotographic photosensitive members are assembled in one unit.

Voltage distribution difference electrophotographic process

An electrophotographic method for color image formation, wherein use is made of an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a multitude of isolated electrically conductive members for forming image elements, a photoconductive layer, and a multitude of sets of electrodes for determining an electric potential of the isolated electrically conductive members in correspondence to a color image original, each set of electrodes comprising a non-transparent electrode, a transparent electrode, and color filter electrodes, and wherein a voltage is applied across the electrodes followed by development.

Growing community of inventors

Odawara, Japan

Yuji Nishigaki