The City University of New York

City College of New York

Research Foundation of Cuny

Yuanlong Yang

Robert R Alfano

Alvin Katz

The Stokes shift emission spectra were measured for various samples, including tissues containing photoactive bio-molecules such as tryptophan, elastin, collagen, NADH and flavin. This new approach allows for the extraction of new information not easily obtained from the excitation and or fluorescence spectra of the same samples. For example, Stokes shift spectroscopy of tissue samples can detect disease states in humans and animals.

Stokes shift emission spectroscopy for detection of disease and physiological state of specimen

Method and apparatus for examining biological materials using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and the Kubelka-Munk function. In one aspect, the method is used to determine whether a tissue sample is cancerous or not and comprises the steps of (a) measuring the diffuse reflectance from the tissue sample at a first wavelength and at a second wavelength, wherein the first wavelength is a wavelength selected from the group consisting of 255-265 nm and wherein the second wavelength is a wavelength selected from the group consisting of 275-285 nm; (b) using the Kubelka-Munk function to transform the diffuse reflectance measurement obtained at the first and second wavelengths; and (c) comparing a ratio or a difference of the transformed Kubelka-Munk measurements at the first and second wavelengths to appropriate standards determine whether or not the tissue sample is cancerous. One can use the spectral profile of KMF between 250 nm to 300 nm to determine whether or not the tissue sample is cancerous or precancerous. According to the value at the first and second wavelengths determine whether or not the malignant tissue is invasive or mixed invasive and in situ or carcinoma in situ.

Technique for examining biological materials using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and the kubelka-munk function

A method for detecting cancerous tissue using optical spectroscopy and Fourier analysis. According to a preferred embodiment, a tissue sample is illuminated with light at a wavelength of approximately 300 nm. Next, a fluorescence emission spectrum for the tissue sample is obtained by measuring the resultant fluorescence from the tissue sample over the spectral region from approximately 320 nm to approximately 580 nm. The phase and amplitude for the first three Fourier transform harmonics are then determined. The phase and amplitude determinations for one or more of the three harmonics are then compared to appropriate standards obtained from cancerous and non-cancerous tissue samples. The accuracy of the method can be improved further by comparing the phase and amplitude calculations for at least two harmonics.

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Elmhurst, NY, United States of America

Yuanlong Yang