Ricoh Company, Ltd.

Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba

Nissan Motor Company Limited

Toshiba Materials Co., Ltd.

Other

Hitachi, Ltd.

Kyocera Corporation

Toshiba Tec Kabushiki Kaisha

Yoshiyuki Fukuda

Yoshio Hattori

Noriyuki Kimura

Atsushi Nakamoto

Toshio Koike

Masaaki Yamada

Yuki Oshikawa

Hiromasa Kato

Hiroaki Okamoto

Akira Azami

Kei Saito

Yuuji Ishikura

Sho Akiyama

Norio Iida

Junichi Matsumoto

Yasunobu Shimizu

Michiyasu Komatsu

Yoshihiro Fujiwara

Takamasa Ozeki

Yoshiko Ogawa

Hirotaka Kusukawa

Yoshiharu Kishi

Minoru Takao

Hisao Yabe

Atsuhiko Gotou

Yukihiro Takenami

Satoshi Mizuya

Hiroshi Yoshinaga

Yoshinori Nakagawa

Ippei Fujimoto

Yoshiki Yamaguchi

Takayuki Seki

Takashi Seto

Tomoko Takahashi

Hiroyuki Shimada

Kazuyoshi Hiraiwa

Nobuyuki Taguchi

Yasufumi Takahashi

Ryuji Yoshida

Yuuki Satoh

Keiichi Yoshida

Taichi Urayama

Mikio Ishibashi

Hiromichi Horie

Toshiki Hayashi

Katsumi Masuda

Yuusaku Ishimine

Nobuaki Nakashima

Shigeo Murata

Toshimi Yamashita

Takeshi Muneishi

Isao Ikeda

Kazuhiko Fujio

Kimiya Miyashita

Kenichi Tsuneeda

Takao Shirai

Miho Nakamura

Katsuhiro Shinosawa

Haruhiko Yamaguchi

Hiroki Tonai

Kentaro Takanami

Tomoaki Fujibayashi

Hideyuki Arai

Yasuhisa Makino

The developing device includes a developer bearer, a conveyor, a casing including a ceiling, and a seal. The developer bearer is configured to bear a developer and develop a latent image. The conveyor is configured to convey and stir the developer. The casing is configured to contain the developer, the developer bearer, and the conveyor. The seal is configured to seal the inside of the casing to form a closed space that encloses the developer in the developing device. The conveyor is configured to be partially or entirely buried in the developer enclosed in the closed space in both of a normal posture and an upside-down posture of the developing device. A cross-sectional area of the closed space in a horizontal plane gradually increases from a top of the ceiling of the casing toward a bottom of the developing device in the normal posture of the developing device.

Developing device, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus incorporating same

A fixing device includes a fixing rotator that is flexible, endless, and rotatable. A heater heats the fixing rotator. A pressure rotator is disposed opposite the fixing rotator. A nip former defines a fixing nip between the fixing rotator and the pressure rotator. A support supports the nip former. The nip former includes a back face that contacts the support and has a nonlinear shape in a longitudinal direction of the nip former.

Fixing device and image forming apparatus

A flow path member may include silicon nitride ceramics. The flow path member may have an inlet port, an outlet port, and a flow path connected to the inlet port and the outlet port inside the flow path member. A plurality of needle-shaped crystals may be arranged on a surface of the flow path where the needle-shaped crystals intersect each other.

Flow path member and semiconductor module

A developing device includes a developer bearer disposed facing a latent image bearer in a developing range to transport developer by rotation, a support to support the developer bearer and including a holder mount, a rod-shaped developer regulator disposed facing a surface of the developer bearer across a gap, and a holder secured to the holder mount of the support to hold the rod-shaped developer regulator. The rod-shaped developer regulator extends in an axial direction of the developer bearer.

Developing device and image forming apparatus incorporating same

A development device is operable in multiple different speed modes and includes a developer bearer to carry developer, a developer regulator to adjust an amount of developer carried on the developer bearer, and multiple developer conveyance members disposed facing the developer bearer to transport developer in a longitudinal direction to circulate developer inside the development device. The multiple developer conveyance members including a first developer conveyance member to supply developer to the developer bearer and a second developer conveyance member to transport developer collected from the developer bearer. The development device executes developer amount balance adjustment in which a driving velocity of at least the multiple developer conveyance members is increased from a driving velocity in a lower-speed mode for a predetermined period after image development in the lower speed mode is completed and before image development in a higher speed mode is started.

Development device, process cartridge, image forming apparatus incorporating same, and developer amount adjustment method therefor

A developing device includes a developer bearer, a development casing in which a developer conveyance channel is formed facing the developer bearer through a communicating area, a developer supply member disposed in the developer conveyance channel, a developer regulator disposed facing a lower portion of the developer bearer to adjust an amount of developer carried on the developer bearer, and a sheet member that is removably installed to seal the communicating area and passes through a gap between the developer regulator and the developer bearer and an opening formed in the development casing. A first end of the sheet member is retained downstream from the gap in a direction of rotation of the developer bearer, and the sheet member is fixed to the development casing at a position across the communicating area from the first end with a second end positioned outside the development casing.

Developing device and image forming apparatus

A developing device includes a developer bearer, a magnetic field generator provided inside the developer bearer, a casing including an opening to partly expose a surface of the developer bearer, and a lateral end cover to cover an axial end portion of the exposed surface of the developer bearer. The lateral end cover includes a wide portion extending more to an axial inner side of the developer bearer than a downstream portion of the lateral end cover positioned downstream from the wide portion in a direction of rotation of the developer bearer. A downstream end of the wide portion is downstream from an upstream end of the development range in the direction of rotation of the developer bearer.

Developing device and image forming apparatus and process cartridge incorporating same

According to one embodiment, a ceramic substrate for mounting a device is provided. The ceramic substrate includes a through-hole and a recessed portion provided on at least one edge surface thereof.

Ceramic substrate for mounting a device, ceramic substrate for mounting an LED, LED lamp, headlight and electronic parts

A development device includes a development casing for containing two-component developer, a developer bearer, a developer regulator to adjust an amount of developer carried on the developer bearer, a first developer conveyance member to supply developer to the developer bearer, a second developer conveyance member to transport axially developer separated from the developer bearer, first and second conveyance channels divided by a partition, in which the first and second developer conveyance members are respectively provided, and a removable sheet member to cover the developer bearer in an area facing the developer regulator, the first and second conveyance channels, and the partition. A first end portion of the sheet member extends from the second conveyance channel outside the development casing through a through hole formed in the development casing, and a second end portion thereof is retained by a retainer at a position outside the developer regulator.

Development device, and process cartridge and image forming apparatus including same

The present invention provides an aluminum nitride substrate and an aluminum nitride circuit board having excellent insulation characteristics and heat dissipation properties and having high strength, a semiconductor apparatus, and a method for manufacturing an aluminum nitride substrate. An aluminum nitride substrate according to the present invention is an aluminum nitride substrate having aluminum nitride as a main component and comprising a polycrystal containing a plurality of aluminum nitride grains, and complex oxide grains being present at grain boundaries of the aluminum nitride grains and including a rare earth element and aluminum, wherein the aluminum nitride grains have a maximum grain size of 10 &#x3bc;m or less, the complex oxide grains have a maximum grain size smaller than the maximum grain size of the aluminum nitride grains, the number of the complex oxide grains having a grain size of 1 &#x3bc;m or more being present in a field of view of 100 &#x3bc;m&#xd7;100 &#x3bc;m of a surface of the aluminum nitride substrate observed is 40 or more, the aluminum nitride substrate has a bending strength of 400 MPa or more in an unpolished state after firing, and the aluminum nitride substrate has a volume resistivity of 10&#x3a9;m or more.

Aluminum nitride substrate, aluminum nitride circuit board, semiconductor apparatus, and method for manufacturing aluminum nitride substrate

Developing devices, process cartridges and image-forming apparatuses, having a chamber for conveying recovered developer on the top of another chamber for conveying supplying developer, where the developer is conveyed by screws inside the chambers respectively, when mixing and conveying the developing agent, a shielding member which separates the chambers, a guide section is provided in the shielding member to guide a developing agent which has left a developing roller toward the screw in the upper chamber, and a third communication section is provided next to the guide section, at the back of where the guided developer contacts the screw wings in the upper chamber, and the third communication section communicates the chambers with each other, and the third communication section is provided from center to downstream in the conveyance direction of the developer by the screw upper.

Developing device, process cartridge, and image-forming apparatus

A developing apparatus contains a developer for developing a latent image formed on an image carrier. The developing apparatus includes a developer carrier disposed opposite to the image carrier; a developer regulating member regulating an amount of the developer carried by the developer carrier; and a developer circulating unit transporting the developer in a circulating path. The developer circulating unit includes a rotatable first transport member supplying the developer to the developer carrier while transporting the developer in a horizontal direction, a shielding member preventing the developer separated from the developer carrier from flowing back toward the first transport member, and a rotatable second transport member collecting the developer separated from the developer carrier while transporting the developer in the horizontal direction. A distance between the second transport member and the developer carrier is greater than a distance between the first transport member and the developer carrier.

Developing apparatus, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus

A development device includes a developer container, a developer bearer to carry developer to a development range, a partition dividing at least partly the developer container into a supply compartment and a collecting compartment, with an end portion of the partition facing a circumferential surface of the developer bearer, a developer supply member in the supply compartment to supply the developer to the developer bearer, and a developer collecting member in the collecting compartment above the developer supply member, to receive the developer from the developer bearer. An opening is formed in a downstream end portion of the partition in a developer conveyance direction of the developer collecting member to cause the developer to fall to the supply compartment, and a width of the opening in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction increases toward downstream in the developer conveyance direction of the developer collecting member.

Development device, and image forming apparatus and process cartridge incorporating same

A driving force distribution control device for a four wheel drive vehicle having a mechanism that distributes the torque of an engine, which is transmitted to a main drive wheel, to a secondary drive wheel determines a first torque to be distributed to the secondary drive wheel on the basis of the engine torque, and corrects the determined first torque on the basis of a yaw rate deviation between a target yaw rate and an actual yaw rate of the vehicle. When an absolute value of the yaw rate deviation is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the mechanism is controlled on the basis of the corrected torque.

Driving force distribution control method and device for four wheel drive vehicle

Growing community of inventors

Tokyo, Japan

Yoshiyuki Fukuda